Mechanism And Experimental Research Of Fruit Trees Seedling Root Pruning And Fertilizing Machine

China is the world’s largest apple producing country,cultivation of apple tree isgradually transition to the dwarf rootstock,intensive,efficient cultivation mode,cultivationof fruit trees is gradually tending to standardized and scaled.Root pruning and fertilizingof seedling is an important part in planting tree.Mechanization of root pruning andfertilization has become the development trend of modern orchard,but because ofdifferent levels of mechanical equipment and the combination with horticulturalproduction has differences, the degree of mechanization in the domestic and foreigncountries is not identical.At present, foreign fruit nursery is large scale,high degree ofmechanization,but volume of root pruning and fertilizing machine in foreign countries islarge,and so is the supporting power,while the agricultural tractor in China is relativelysmall and medium power for the requirements of Chinese nursery,so we can’t use itdirectly, and the cultivation mode of the domestic and foreign fruit tree seedlings isdifferent,it is not suitable for our nursery requirements.The degree of mechanization ofour country is low,many work are rely on application of modified agriculturalinstruments,with high labor intensity and low efficiency, poor working stability and rootpruning and fertilizing operation effect is not good,the work quality on fruit trees isheavy.So the development of special root pruning and fertilizing machine is practicalsignificance to the fruit tree seedlings.This paper analyses the present situation of the background, significance and thedomestic and foreign research on fruit tree seedling root pruning and fertilizingtechnology.Focusing on the research of technical condition of root pruning andfertilizing,according to Chinese conditions and the requirement of fruit gardeningtechniques,pay attention to the combination of horticultural and agriculturalmachinery,determine matching parameters of the machine and tractor,and design of fruittree seedling root pruning and fertilizing machine,optimized design of the corecomponents：root cutting shovel and fertilizer apparatus.According to the experiment,optimization design of key parameters of root cuttingshovel,the key parameters include of wing angle α and cutting angleβ.When wing angleis70°,edge angle is10°and approach angle is20°,quality of root and soil cutting is thebest. Using software to optimize the core components,that’s:narrowing the width of theroot cutting shovel,thinning the thickness which not only reduce the cost but meet therequirements of the garden.On the leakage phenomenon of fertilizing machine, we optimize the structure of thefertilizer box on fertilization device,avoid leakage with interrupt,in order to meet therequirements of horticultural fertilizer,thus meet the design requirements to gardeningfertilizer.The root pruning and fertilizing machine was tested,and the data of the test resultswere analyzed.The data shows that:the root pruning and fertilizing machine’s operatingdepth stability, in stroke index, surface roughness evaluation index, root cutting qualityassessment index, whether fertilizing device has continuous fertilization and the workingrate index.Field test and the job results indicate: performance of seeding root machine isstable;supporting structure is reasonable;working efficiency is high;seedling root systemis integrity;seeding and root effective;effect of seedling growth and development aregood; and working quality meet the requirements of horticulture. Design of the seedingroot machine can provide production and technical support for industrialization of theapple tree nursery.