Effect Of Different Film-Covering Modes And Water Retention Agenton The Dry Land Potato Growth And Soil Characteristics

"Kexinl" was selected as the material in this experiment to study the growth and yield of four different film-covering mode.such as traditional planting, harrowed bedding with film mulching, double ridge mulched compeletely by film, ridge culture mulched by film and ridge side planting and water retention agent. The experiment aimes to explore the suitable film-covering method of potato cultivation, the results showed that:1. Film-covering and Water retention agent both can improve the potato seeding rate, shorten the seeding period, ridge culture mulched by film with Water retention agent appeared to be bettrer and reached 96%～98%, QLMC、QFM and PZHS could promote soil temperature of potato seeding time, QLMC appeared to be best while PZHS appeared to be worse; The QLMC and PZHS two Film-covering method were beneficial to warming while QFM to heat preservation:The day and night temperature difference with the water retention agent were QLMC> PZHS> CK>QFM, and not applied water retention agent were PZHS>CK>QLMC> QFM, in addition day and night temperature difference with the water retention agent was less than that without water retention agent.2. Different film-covering methods and water retention agent both were beneficial to the growth of rainfed potato, and the plant height、stem diameter、stolon number at different growth period were better than CK, QLMCB appeared to be best and then QFMB.3. Different film-covering methods and water retention agent both were beneficial to the root growth of rainfed potato. Root fresh weigh、dry weight and violume were highest after treatment of 60 days, which trend to decrease after 75 days of treatment, root activity was highest after treatment of 30 days, which trend to decrease after 45 days of treatment. Root fresh weight、dry weight、volume and activity were better than CK with film-covering, and were higher than that without water retention agent at the same film-covering mode. Root system mainly distributed in 0～10cm soil layer and less in 10-20cm soil layer and none in 20-30cm sail layer after 15 days of potato seeding, while the root system mainly distributed in 0-10cm and 10～20cm soil layer and less in 20～30cm soil layer after 30 days of potato seeding. root system distributed in 0-10cm soil layer with the water retention agent was less than that without water retention agent which opposite to 10～30cm soil layer at the same film-covering method. QLMCB turned to be best.4. whether use the water retention agent or not, the changes of Pn、Gs and Tr of potato leaves were first increased then decreased with the growth period promoting, reached at the highest value in the tuber formation stage, Ci trended to be decrease gradually. The Pn、Gs and Tr were higher than CK with film-covering,and appeared to be QLMC>QFM>PZHS, while Ci was opposite, the yield with of treatment with film-covering were higher than CK, and appeared to be QLMC>QFM>PZHS, QLMC has reached significant level with CK and PZHS; at th same film-covering mode, the Pn、Gs、Tr and yield with water retention agent were better than that without, while Ci turned to be had the opposite trend5. Organic matter, available N, available P and available K of the processing will decreased with the soil layer deepen. The average of organic matter, available N, available P and available K decreased by 0.86%、1.95%、3.00%,2.47%、4.22%、 5.95%,3.32%、11.40%、19.55% �'� 6.56%、16.25%、21.25% compard with CK in the QLMC、QFM、PZHS of three film-covering modes and the treatment with Water Retention Agent is lower than the without Water Retention Agent in the same film-covering modes.6. Soil enzyme the processing will decreased with the soil layer deepen QLMC、QFM、PZHS of three film-covering modes are good to improve the activity of CAT, urease, invertase and phosphatase. During the reproductive period, The average increased by 18.05%、22.45%、39.42%,24.45%、29.85%、33.79%, 14.92%、29.51%、39.24%,10.27%、38.18% and 57.43% compard with CK and the treatment with Water Retention Agent is higher than the without Water Retention Agent in the same film-covering modes.7. During the reproductive period, Soil moisture content of the processing will decreased with the soil layer deepen. Between the different soil layers, Soil moisture content has a big changes in 0～20cm and 20～40cm and has a small variations in 40～100cm.QLMC、QFM、PZHS of three film-covering modes has increased by 3.03%、2.12%、1.03% than CK during the reproductive period. Soil moisture content of Water Retention Agent is higher than the without Water Retention Agent under the 0～40cm in the same film-covering modes. Soil moisture content of Water Retention Agent is lower than the without Water Retention Agent below 40cm soil layer in the same film-covering modes.8. potato production of QLMC, QFM and PZHS three film-covering modes are higher than CK in 2013 and 2014,which has increased 35.96%、15.99%、15.68% and 2.15%、10.95%、18.49%; the veatments with water retention agent has increased 7.48%、10.19%、14.57%、17.66% and 0.36%、8.25%、9.84%、7.50%. with the veatments withont water retention agent in potato prodvetion on the same film-covering modes water use effioierey of QLMC、QFM% PZHS three film-covering modes has increased 19.96%、41.94%、52.70% and 63.88%、35.52%、 20.23% with CK、PZHS、QFM、QLMC of water retention agent has increased 1.82%、11.76%、17.86%、12.64% and 13.67%、16.65%、14.74%、18.55% with the CK、PZHS、QFM、QLMC without water retention agent.9. Dry potato production has a very significant positive correlation relationship with seeding emergence (R=0.9472,2013; R=0.9126,2014) and Pn、Gs、Tr(R =0.966,R=0.941, R=0.864) It has a very significant negative correlation relationship with soil available nitrogen、phosphorus、potassium,the organic matter (R=-0.943, R=-0.898, R=-0.934, R=-0.896,); and (R=-0.899); It has a a significant correlation relatiship with soil catalase、phosphatase、uvease and sucrase (R=0.969, R=0.899, R=0.811,R=0.913); which has a positive correlation with soil moistyre content (R=0.8791,2014).