The Study Of Camellia Oleifera’s Benefits From Ecological Restoration And Reconstruction In Rocky Desertification Areas

Karst land-form widely distributes in southwestern of China. The natural factors and human factors result in karst rocky desertification.The area of the desertification lands show an increase of 10 percent annually in southwestern of China. The rock desertifications not only increase the poverty of karst areas but also threaten the Yangtze River and the middle and lower reaches of Pearl River’s ecological security. Thus, rocky desertification must be treated immediately.Camellia oleifera is a peculiar xylophyta edible camellia oleifera tree in China,whose suitability is very strong,and can be used as pioneer species of ecological restoration in rocky desertification areas. Camellia oleifera has been planted in the reforestation areas of rocky desertification in Xiushan, China since 2000. In order to study the camellia oleifera’s benefits of ecological restoration and reconstruction in rocky desertification areas, the thesis selects 15a camellia oleifera forest for the research in rocky desertification areas of Xiushan. The researching method of this thesis is selecting 3 camellia oleifera forest samples every 200m’s altitudinal gradient, collecting soils to analyze, acquiring the data of ecological profit. At the same time, choosing the samiliar slope land as comparision;Collecting the data of economic and social benefits by questionnaires, which have got 210 effective surveyed questionnaires. These questionnaires mainly cover the annual costs and incomes of 15a camellia oleifera forests, the planters’household incomes, some problems in the process of planting etc.The main content of research in this thesis is camellia oleifera’s ecological benefit, economic benefit and social benefit in Xiushan’s rocky desertification areas. The study of ecological benefits mainly include finding the improvement and protection of soil in rocky desertification areas by planting camellia oleifera. It draws the following conclusions:(1) It has obvious ecological benefit. The physical properties of soil with 15a camellia oleifera forest’s has been obviously improved. Soil moisture, total porosity, capillary porosity, non-capillary porosity of 15a Camellia Forest soil were seperately 8.5%,3.4%,10.1%,9.2%higher than the sloping land,with the soil bulk density decrease 0.24g/cm3.Doing the physical properties significant analysis of 15a Camellia Forest and sloping land,we find that p<0.05. It is testified that it will improve the physical conditions of soil by planting camellia oleifera in rocky desertification areas.In the aspect of chemical properties,15a Camellia Forest are seperately higher 9.1g/kg、5.3g/kg、1.97g/kg、0.0.86g/kg than sloping land in organic matter content, nitrogen content, potassium and phosphorus content.The PH of 15a Camellia Forest decrease 1.36, Doing the chemical properties significant analysis of 15a Camellia Forest and sloping land,the result shows that p<0.05,which shows that the soil structure and soil fertility can be improved effectively by planting camellia oleifera in rocky desertification areas.The thesis draws the following conclusions by quantitative analysis of 15a camellia oleifera’s ecological benefit. The economic value of water conservation is 820 yuan per square hectare every year. The economic value of keeping soil’s fertility is 23237 yuan per square hectare every year. The economic value of carbon fixation & releasing oxygen is 15436 yuan per square hectare.(2) The accumulative total of net cash flow of 15a Camellia Forest was 69375 yuan/667m2, input-output ratio was 9.3, recoverable rate of investment was 56%, accumulated net present value was 24920.68 yuan/667m2, internal rate of return was 86%, static state investment recoupments period was 4.1a and the dynamic investment recovery period was 8.1a.The result is that camellia oleifera is higher 6.87,7.5,1.6,6.1, 0.54 by comparing the plant of paddy, corn, honeysuckle, Chinese prickly ash, fruit tree. It illustrates that camellia oleifera’s economic benefit in rocky desertification areas is much higher than other crops.(3) The social benefit is evident. It needs eighteen person per 667quare meter in 15a camellia oleifera forests, which means to create the jobs for local unused labor force. It has dramatically improved those surveyed camellia oleifera’s planters’net income from 2000 to 2014. Their net income has been increased from 8000 to 20040, which means the growth over 151%, and the average of every planter’s household’s net income has accumulated more than 182000 yuan, including 1010000yuan with a percent of 51 by working as wokers, the in come of planting camellia oleifera is 58000 yuan,with a percent of 30.Doing the connection analysis of incomes by planting of camellia oleifera and farmer’s pure income,the result shows that R2=0.7, Thus, it plays an active role in increasing the revenue of planters to plant camellia oleifera in Xiushan’s rocky desertification areas. Sixty-three percent of planters hold a positive and active attitude towards planting camellia oleifera tree. In addition, there are some problems in the the process of planting camellia oleifera, such as, low yield and management extensive, low level of industrialization, the system of planting service is incomplete and management thoughts is laggard and so on.