Study On Pelleting Technology And Effect Of Flax Seed

Flax is an important oil crop in the North, whose main products of flax oil andby-products have special uses in agriculture and industry, and plays an important roleIn field production, especially in the dry land, its low seeding rate, seedling disease,severe pests and so on are still widespread problem to effectively solve the high andstable yield of flax. Those problems are considered, so the activated carbon,attapulgite and bentonitewith with good water absorption and water retention areadopted as main materials, Insecticidal, fungicide and fertilizer are as auxiliarymaterials. Then the flax seeds are pelleted; the germination index, quality index andgrowth index of the pelleted seeds are studied through the indoor and field work, forthe sake of promoting flax seedling survival rate, stable and high yields of flax astechnical reserves. The main research results are as follows:1. All the germination index of pelleting seeds compared with the CK was certaindecrease, And it was not significant between the germination index of the T1andCK. In addition to the T1, more materials treatments were higher than others pelleting.the germinability of material pelletized by the activated carbon and bentonite hasincrease2.04%~39.41%than others, the germination percentage of material pelletizedby the activated carbon and attapulgite has increase2.66%~27.48%than others.Except the treatment of activated carbon:bentonite=1:2(T4) andcarbon:attapulgite=1:2(T5), the germination index and cracking rate of other pelletingtreatment have the same trend,T1>T7>T6>T2>T3; The seed quality indexes ofactivated carbon treatment were poor under, such as pelleting size(6.76mm),purity(83.6%), uniformity(71.4%) and package effect (the rate of the single seed andcontenting seed were43.7%and208.7%) and so on, but the germination indexes werebetter, the pelleting materials combined the activated carbon with others materials canimprove the quality and germination indexes of flax seeds.2. With the increasing of soil moisture, the emergence and growth indexes of flaxare increasing.40%of soil moisture is a dividing line of the earlier or later of seedemergence, its emergence rate and the other growth indexes of pelleted flax compared with CK. more than40%of soil moisture, the seeding stage of pelleted flax is earlier1~4d than CK, with an earlier, full, concentrated and high germination rate; when inthe moisture condition of70%, seeds sowed germinate in the6th D, the concentratedperiod of germination mainly in the10d~14d; in45%and50%of moisture, theseedling emergence rate of pelleted flax was higher6.96%~10.68%. In the wholeseedling stage, the stem diameter, root length and leaf area in pelleted flax seeding,compared with the CK are increasing significantly, in which45%and50%and55%of water treatment, respectively higher4.65%~17.31%,8.77%~15.07%and5.31%~9.13%than CK. The growth of plant height and dry matters’ accumulation ismainly in the later seedling period, compared with the CK is respectively higher4.90%and13.90%in50%of moisture.3. Irrigation District, Flax with the pelleting treatment, the germination rate in T1,T7is better than other treatments, compared with the CK higher4.08%. the growthpeak of its stem diameter and root length mainly concentrates on the seedling stageand squaring stage,the treatment with activated carbon and bentonite contained issuperior. Between the seedling stage and squaring stage, root length with T2, T5andT7are respectively higher7.39%,9.54%and9.22%, the treatment with attapulgiteand activated carbon contained is superior to than that with bentonite.Its plant height,leaf area and dry matter accumulation have a rapid growth after the fir shaped stage.In squaring stage, only T1and T7are higher0.29%~0.67%in plant height, comparedwith the CK,It shows that the pelleting treatment will not have an obvious advantagein flax’s height; in the budding period, leaf area with T1and material fertilizertreatment(with activated carbon and bentonite) is better than the othertreatments.Compared with the CK, pelleted seeds can improve the number of capsulesper plant, grain number and1000grain weight per fruit2.49%~12.67%,3.64%~16.86%and1.02%~6.88%respectively; its yield with activated carbon andbentonite fertilizer treatment is the highest, up to10.21%~14.29%.4. In the dry area, The flax with pelleting treatment, the seedling emergence ratewith the T1and T7is better than the other treatments, higher1.59%and13.69%compared with the CK. In the whole growth period of duration, its plant height with T1and T7are better than other treatments, higher8.55%compared to the CK; itsstem diameter, leaf area and dry matter accumulation with the treatment of activatedcarbon and bentonite is better than that of other treatments,respectively higher6.56%~11.02%,15.53%~28.91%,32.26%~32.43%, compared with the CK. its rootlength growth mainly with the active carbon and attapulgite treatment is the best,higher5.75%~16.65%.pelleted seeds with activated carbon and other materials fertilizer can improve thenumber of capsules per plant, grain number and1000grain weight per fruit11.23%~17.33%,9.00%~11.43%respectively (excepting T4) and5.34%~9.92%;the number of capsules per plant, grain number per fruit with activated carbon andbentonite fertilizer treatment is better than other treatments, higher0.24%~64.28%and5.91%~14.71%. Comaped with CK, its yield with T1and T7is the highest, up to14.91%~18.64%.In the irrigation district and dry area, compared with the CK, the former seedlingdisease and death rate are lower3.30~5.58、5.54~10.53percentage points, the flaxwith pelleting treatment can significantly improve the controlling effect of insect pest,and reduce the death rate of seedling stage and reach the effect of protecting seedlings.