Research About The Flowering And Fruit Setting Biological Charactersticts Of Superior Individual Plant Of Xanthoceras Sorbifolia

This research takes the superior individual plant of Xanthoceras sorbifolia Bungeselected in the prophase work as research object, through constant strain observation,microscopic observation and physiological measurement methodexplores its phenology,flowering biological characteristics, fruit setting biological characteristics, The main resultsare as follows:(1)Phenophase and the drop situation of flower and fruit. The phenophase of superiorindividual in Yangling district can be divided into several different stages, such as sproutleaves period, blossom process, ovary expanding, young fruit period, and maturity period.Theflowering phase of superior individual plant lasts for15days, from the beginning of april tothe second half of this month and fruit growth process lasted80days.The superior individual fruit droping is divided into three main stages. the first stage is inlate April to early may, a large number of young fruits dropping off which hasn’t been fullydeveloped. The drop rate of fruit peak in May6and last short time. About60%of youngfruits falled off within15days during this period. The second phase is in early may tomid-june, the drop rate was decreased significantly and lasts for21days. The third stage isfrom the middle of June to early July, close to maturity, fruit drop rate remain unchanged.(2) Flowering biological characteristics.Flowers. On the middle and top of crown comeinto blossom before the lower and outer open before the center. Flowers at the bottom ofterminal inflorescence bloom firstly, lateral inflorescence almost open at the same time.Pollen vitality in the initial stage of the blossom is lower than fullbloom stage, and it reach themax value at around5days after flower, then decrease slowly. When the base of petals turnedfrom bright orange to salmon pink, stigma receptivity achiev the highest level.(3) Fruit setting biological characteristics. During the whole growth and development,fruit vertical and transect diameter were continuously steadily increased and followed afast-slower-fast rule. The mass of fruit were in" S" trend. The most of fruits distribut in180-240cm of horizontal direction and120-180cm of downwards. With top quality and highyield,the triangular type, small cone type and flat cone type of fruit appear their peculiareconomic trait. (4) Analyses yield trait in different ways. Clustered and open-center shaped tree formhave high advantage of production.The amount of small cone type is the most of the totalnumber and the peach type fruit less than10%. Three-carpel fruits are more than a half. Thereare289fruit in the three-level bearing branch,which is55.5%of the total number of superiorindividual. On the contraryonly,only16.7%in the one and two level.(5) Nutritional quality of fruit. The kernel of superior individual plant average proteincontent is3.75%, amino acid composition was varied, in which proline and glutamic acidwere dominated. Total fat is higher, the mean of59.17g/100g. The content of unsaturatedfatty acid was91.54%. The content of Fe is the higest, at the same time determination of Cuand Zn, its average content respectively is6.38mg/kg,40.22mg/kg.