Study On The Effects Of Soil Conditions On The Formation Of Tobacco With High Quality And Good Characteristics

ABSTRACT:The soil and tobacco in78flue-cured tobacco planting regions of8mainprovinces were collected and analyzed to study the relationship between soilcondition and the formation of tobacco quality and style. The main results were asfollow:1. The soil textures of full flavor tobacco growing regionsThe results showed that all of sand, loam and clay could be found in the full flavortobacco growing regions, and the soil textures of more than60%regions belonged tosandy soil, silty soil, and loam soil, mainly concentrated in sandy loam, silty clayloam and silty clay, clay was relatively less. Soil pH of78%regions was in therange suitable for the cultivation of tobacco, the other22%was strong acidity.83.64%full flavor tobacco growing regions, the organic matter contents were range frommedium condition to lacking condition. The average levels of nitrogen, availablephosphorus and potassium in the soil were95.95g/kg、18.51g/kg、144.28g/kg.Contents of mineral elements had big difference in different regions, the coefficient ofvariations were ranged from31.33%to80.80%.2. The relationship between soil factors and tobacco quality characteristics(1) The relationship between soil textures and tobacco characteristics in full flavortobacco growing regionsThe full flavor style degree, aroma content, and aroma quality were showed bestin the sandy loam, the pungent of tobacco planted in the loam is the lowest, sandyloam second, and clay is the strongest. Full flavor style degree and sweet aroma oftobacco significantly positive correlated with the content of sand, and significantlynegative correlated with the content of silt and clay in the soil. Full flavor style degreeand sweet aroma of tobacco decreased along with the decrease of the content of sandwhen the content of fine sand in the soil was less than10%., and full flavor styledegree and sweet aroma of tobacco were outstanding when the clay was lower than25%. Totally speaking, the medium textured soil with suitable more sand and lower clay content is better for the formation of tobacco quality and style characteristics.(2) The relationship between soil physical and chemical properties and tobaccoquality characteristicsFull flavor style degree significantly negative correlated with soil pH andbase saturate rate. Sweet aroma of tobacco significantly positive correlated with soilorganic matter content and ion exchange capacity. Strength of smoke significantlypositive correlated with Na content in the soil, but significantly negative correlatedwith Cu, P and Zn. Soil pH, base saturate rate, Cu and Pwere significant correlation with most quality of flue-cured tobacco, and the flue gassending sexual was significant correction with soil Cu and Na. Soil pH, base saturaterate and available potassium contents had significant impacts on the chemicalcomponents of tobacco, mainly affected the contents of reducing sugar, total nitrogen,total sugar, nicotine and potassium in the tobacco. The content of available nitrogenin the soil had important impact on the nicotine and total nitrogen contents in thetobacco, and their correlation reached very significant levels. P and Zn in the soilsignificantly affect the K content in the tobacco.3. Contributions of soil factors to the formation of tobacco quality characteristicsThe contents of total sugar, nicotine and potassium in the tobacco were mainlyaffected by the soil factors, such as soil mechanical compositions, organic matter,available nitrogen, base saturation and so on. Soil mechanical compositionsmade great contributions to the full flavor style degree, especially fine sand and claycontents. The contents of organic matter, fine sand and clay made importantcontributions to the sweet aroma of tobacco. The flue gas sending sexual was mainlyaffected by the contents of fine sand, available nitrogen, Na and P. Contents of soilmechanical compositions, base saturation, Cu and P had some impact on the tobaccoquality characteristics. P in the soil made big contributions to the aroma and othersensory qualities of flue-cured tobaccos...