Studies On Physiological And Biochemical Characteristics Of Tetraploid Black Wax Gourd

The experiments were conducted in Guangxi Crop Genetic Improvement and Biotechnology Lab, Agricultural College of Guangxi University Vegetable Lab and Modern Agricultural Sci-tech Exemplary Park of Guangxi from2012-2014. The autotetraploid Black Wax Gourd (FP1-4) and diploid Black Wax Gourd (GS1-1) seeds were provided by Modern Agricultural Sci-tech Exemplary Park of Guangxi. The photosynthetic indexes, resistance, isozyme,nutritional quality, storability of tetraploid and diploid were studied systematically incomparison.The major results are as following:1, The total chlorophyll of tetraploid Black Wax Gourd was significantly higher than that of diploid. It also showed that the material basis of photosynthesis of tetraploid Black Wax Gourd was similarly stronger than that of diploid.2, Compared with diploid, the net photosynthetic rate, stomatal condutance, intercellular CO2concentration and transpiration rate of tetraploid were increased with the increase of chromosome ploidy. It showed that tetraploid Black Wax Gourd photosynthesis, vitality, dry matter accumulation ability were better than diploid.3, Tetraploid Black Wax Gourd compared with diploid, the activity of SOD and POD were more higher, However the activity of CAT had no significant difference. And the content of MDA was lower than diploid, the content of soluble protein was higher than diploid. And the SOD, POD and MDA of tetraploid Black Wax Gourd were higher than diploid, meanwhile the difference were highly significant in the flowering period. It showed that the resilience indicators of tetraploid Black Wax Gourd were higher than diploid, so tetraploid Black Wax Gourd has a stronger potential of resilience.4, Compared with diploid Black Wax Gourd, the band numbers of the tetraploid Black Wax Gourd in POD enzyme were three less than diploid in vining stage, and more than diploid as many as one number in flowering period and fruit-set period, and the enzyme activity was also stronger. Compared with diploid, the band numbers of the tetraploid Black Wax Gourd in SOD enzyme were two less than diploid in vining stage and flowering period, but the enzyme activity was stronger than diploid. There is no difference in fruit-set period. The tetraploid Black Wax Gourd EST enzyme band numbers more than diploid as many as1-2numbers, both width and shading level were significantly higher than diploid. So tetraploid Black Wax Gourd has a stronger potential of resilience.5, The fruit soluble protein, vitamin C and dry matter content of tetraploid Black Wax Gourd were higher than those in diploid, meanwhile the difference were highly significant. Soluble sugar and crude fiber content were higher than diploid, but the difference were not significant. The content of titratable acid was less than diploid significant. Besides, under the storage condition of4℃, the speed and degree of the tetraploid soluble protein, soluble sugar, titratable acid and Vc content of tetraploid Black Wax Gourd were decreased less than diploid. It showed that the nutritional quality of tetraploid Black Wax Gourd was better than diploid, and the storability was stronger than diploid under4℃.