Individual Freedom And Social Choice: Amartya Sen 's Reflection On Political Philosophy From Economic Research

Freedom is one of the important problems discussed in political philosophy. At the end of the twentieth Century, along with Amartya Sen’s the book development as freedom published, the problem of freedom once again become the focus of attention of political philosophy. Nowadays, with the development of economic globalization, the economy of each country obtained the rapid development and the material wealth increase greatly. According to the traditional concept of development, solving the material wealth means to solve the poverty problem. However, the reality is not so. Along with the economic growth, the rich poor gap between countries is more and more bigger. Within a country, the rich become richer and the poor become poorer, so the poverty problem is becoming more and more serious. In the development as freedom, Sen introduces freedom into the concept of development issues firstly. Sen thinks the freedom as the purpose and means of development. In the book development as freedom, Sen use historical examples, empirical evidence and powerful and rigorous reiterated to say that development and freedom don’t repulsion, and the development is the method of freedom. The problem of poverty is the problem of development, but the development is no longer simply economic growth but the problem of freedom. So, sen advocates the use of extended real freedom of people to achieve development so as to eliminate poverty.In the poor economics theory of Sen, the essence of poverty is deprivation. Further discussion on the standard of living, Sen found people’s own ability is very important in their own right transformation. Based on it, Sen put forward feasible capacity which is deprived as the standard of identifying poverty. Practical ability is actually a real freedom. Therefore, poverty was in fact be denied freedom in the sense. Freedom and personal preference is linked. Social choice will be the theme of each specific interests in society or aggregation of preferences into a social interests or preferences. Sen introduced the social choice method into the study of the problem of poverty.This paper makes a important introduce about Sen’s poverty idea at first, and then elaborate the problem of poverty research background and the essay sums up the poor Amartya Sen’s thoughts. Facing Sen’s entitlement and capability approach, this paper makes a study from the angle of individual freedom and social choice. This paper is to put forward to some inspiration of anti-poverty for Chinese from improve the practical ability, the needy gives poor on rights, expand the poor opportunities etc. under Marx though.For the poor economics theory of Sen, domestic and foreign scholars have done some research papers and books, but only some simple introduction, analysis and comparison, and the lack of reflection on Political Philosophy. A political philosophy reflection on the theory of economics of the poor from the angle of individual freedom and social choice is the innovation. This paper tries to put forward to solve the problem of poverty in the road to happiness with the practical analysis, introduction and theoretical analysis in the process of criticism on Sen’s poor economics theory. It thinks that common prosperity is the Chinese anti-poverty goals and we should be:Firstly, changing the poverty alleviation from blood transfusion; Secondly, changing in poverty alleviation object from material poverty alleviation to the spirit of poverty to achieve material and spiritual civilization; Thirdly, arming social system of governance and governance capacity with modern to achieving personal freedom and social benign interaction. Of course, this paper still has many deficiencies due to the limited time and ability. So it needs to explore further and deepen.