Research On The Prevention System Of Nuclear Power Plant And Nuclear Accident

Starting from 1984, China began the construction of nuclear power plant. After 29 years of development, China’s nuclear power development has made great achievements, there have been 15 nuclear power generating units have been completed and put into operation, the installed capacity reached 12500000 kilowatts. In order to promote the further development of nuclear power, the national development and Reform Commission compiled a "long-term nuclear power development plan (2005-2020)", and has been the strong support and approval of the State Council, in accordance with the planning, is expected to total installed China nuclear power operation in 2020 may reach 40 million kilowatts of capacity, at the same time, the completion of eighteen million kilowattsin the construction of the installed capacity. But in Japan nuclear accident, American Three Mile Island nuclear accident and the former Soviet UnionCherno by nuclear accident will not only harm the people life and property security, but also to enable the human survival environment is seriously damaged. With the development of nuclear industry, establish and perfect to become more and more important nuclear accident prevention mechanism.Nuclear accident prevention mechanism is a kind of emergency action taken to prevent radiation accidents or nuclear accidents fundamentally different from the normal working procedures or normal order. Nuclear prevention can advance prediction of nuclear accident, take corresponding measures to avoid accidents. The basic steps in nuclear accident prevention mechanism is:to establish the model of the use of advanced technology, according to the order of priority, accident of establishing evaluation standards, to take corresponding measures, classification processing, development to prevent the deterioration of the crisis. Mechanism of prevention of nuclear accidents in our country is not perfect, in the vigorous development of China’s nuclear power industry big environment, how to eliminate has become a pressing matter of the moment of a nuclear accident, nuclear accident prevention mechanism will highlight the importance of out.In this paper, through a comprehensive analysis of the Three Mile Island nuclear accident, nuclear accident at Chernobyl nuclear accident in Fukushima, reasons and to improve the prevention mechanism of nuclear accident in China for reference, from the aspect of public crisis management reviews the status of nuclear accident prevention mechanism in China, and points out that the existence of nuclear accident prevention mechanism of our country. Then through the investigation, statistics and the resulting from various factors, imperfect mechanism of the prevention of nuclear accidents in China, according to the corresponding measures to put forward the perfect our country nuclear accident prevention mechanism.Through the survey, we found that the nuclear accident prevention mechanism in our nuclear security law, the relevant laws and regulations operability is not strong, the current laws and regulations are not coordinated, non-governmental organizations play due function without problems, people’s weak awareness of nuclear accident prevention. Nuclear accident prevention mechanism is not perfect in our country is mainly determined by the atomic energy basic law, the lack of nuclear power plant (qualification approval location, nuclear power operation holding party inland nuclear power plant) shall not comprehensive, the lack of non government organization, supervision, not the effective implementation of the public information communication, caused by mistake more. Finally, should take the following measures to improve China’s nuclear accident prevention mechanism:experience of prevention of nuclear accident, France, South Korea and other countries America; accelerate the development of atomic energy basic law, establish and perfect the existing laws and regulations, perfect legal mechanism of nuclear accident prevention; unit nuclear operating qualifications and inland nuclear power plant siting strictly; by improving the nuclear power plant staff comprehensive quality, improve the hardware conditions, strengthening the management, nuclear power plant developed tools to prevent human error accident; the effective implementation of the public information communication, improve the nuclear accident prevention awareness.