| Small towns in China are developing at an increasing speed. Rational planning of urbanwater supply and constructing supplying infrastructure serve as the cornerstone for the futurerapid development of urban economy. However, inadequate attention has been paid to thecompiling work of urban water supply planning. Key technical problems in it have not beensubstantially dealt with, which hinder the improvement of living quality of the urban citizens.Therefore, research on these key technical points in urban water supply is extremely urgent.Based on wide spot investigations,household surveys and studies of the present socialcondition of Baihe County, Ankang City, Shaanxi Province. This paper, from point tomacrocosm, it aims to bring the problems existing in water supply for cities and towns of thewhole country. The investigation of actual situation in the town shows that the compilingwork of urban water supply planning should not be confined to the arrangement of watersupplying facilities, but an overall planning based on social development situation and theconcepts of urban planning. Taking the common problems as a starting point, this paperanalyzes the technical problems and their solutions in depth.A comprehensive analysis of the main urban water demand forecasting methods and ahorizontal comparison of various types of commonly used standardized indicators in urbanwater supply planning are made in this paper. It proposes the calculation method of acomprehensive water utilization quota in small towns and the selection method of indicators.It shows that results derived from these methods are more accurate, which offers references ofgreat value for future planning and compiling.On the urban water sources selection and the analysis of water resource balance, basedon the example of the actual situation of Baihe County, by analyzing Baihe hydrology andwater resources conditions, it puts forward reasonable water source selection principles andprograms, furthermore, it demonstrates the balance between supply and demand of plannedwater resource finally.One of the most important factors in urban water supply project is the construction ofurban water distribution pipeline network. This paper presents the block theory of pipelinenetwork and clarifies the distinction between regional water supply and the block watersupply. It puts forward the purpose and methods of urban pipeline network blocks. Combinedthe block pipeline network theory and DMA block partition measurement theory, we candivide pipeline network of Baihe County into three blocks: high block, central block and lowblock according to the analysis of terrain, elevation and administrative divisions. By hydraulic calculations, we can get a conclusion, on one hand, the freedom head node is relatively stable,little changed in magnitude, and can meet the requirement of the most unfavorable point. Onethe other hand, the combination of blocked pipeline network and partition measurement in thepipeline network layout can reduce leakage by13.96%or so, and make better inspection andcontrol of pipeline leakage and damage.In this paper, several key technological points of urban water supply planning arediscussed, aiming to provide some new perspectives and methods for the compiling anddesigning of future urban water supply. This study also has certain reference value for theurban planning and development research. The conclusion shows that quotas in the "norm"can not be directly applied in water demand calculation. It should be selected according tocity’s whole developmental situation after previous analyzing the actual water utilization andthe calculation model of urban water utilization. The blocked urban water distribution pipelinenetwork and the installation of partition indicator can effectively control leakage, improvewater supply security, and stabilize urban water pressure. |
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