Preparation And Characterization Of Superhydrophobic Sponge Based On Diazo Chemistry

With the development of the society, the improvement of people’s living standard, the environmental problems is becoming more serious, one of the most important is the problem of water pollution. A portion of the water pollution is caused by water mixed with oil, and this needs to separate oil from water.The super hydrophobic / super oil material with three-dimensional network structure based on commercial sponge is a kind of high efficient oil-water separation material, which has the advantages of cheap, easy mass production, and is widely concerned by people.For example, polyurethane sponge(PU), Poly melamine(PMF) sponge as a typical representative.The main preparation method of the super hydrophobic sponge is the growth of nano particles on the surface of the sponge and the modification of the low surface energy material.However, in the actual process of preparation, there are some disadvantages of the combination of nano particles and the sponge surface is not strong, and the distribution is not equal.In order to make the sponge hold better super hydrophobic properties,we using the synthesis of diazo-base surface treatment reagent thus to efficient and controllable introduction of functional groups on the surface of sponge, create a ideal surface environment for the growth of nanoparticles.Due to the specific interaction between the nanoparticles and the sponge,the nanoparticles on the surface of the sponge are dispersed evenly and combined firmly with the sponge.Therefore, the preparation of super hydrophobic sponge has good oil-water separation performance and excellent cycle life.Through appropriate molecular design. In this paper, the synthesis of preparing double aryl carbene precursor 4, 4 ’- dimethoxy phenyl diazomethane and series of aryl diazonium salts.Through the activation of the surface of the sponge and the modification of the aryl heavy nitrogen salts, the carboxyl and sulfonic acid groups were introduced into the PU sponge, respectively.And at the same we studied the diazo base surface treatment reagent for the PU sponge by using FTIR and XPS.The adsorption of Zn O nanoparticles on the surface of the sponge was introduced into the surface of the sponge by introducing carboxyl group and sulfonic acid group, and the Zn O nanorods were loaded onto the surface of the sponge with low temperature hydrothermal method.We have studied the effect and regularity of functional groups on the growth and distribution of Zn O nanorods and he oil-water separation performance of super hydrophobic PU/Zn Ocomposite sponge It absorbs the equivalent of 22 times its weight for the first time hexane and 25 times that of cooking oil. It still has a good oil absorption capacity after recycling 5 times.In order to further expand the diazo application range of the base surface treatment reagent, we introduced sulfydryl to PMF sponge surface, Through the Ag+ key cooperation with sulfydryl, we prepared the sponge with Ag seeds.Using the Ag seeds for growth center, we grown the silver nanoparticles on the sponge surface evenly, by the way of octadecanethiol modification, we achieve the preparation of super hydrophobic PMF/Ag composite sponge. Composite sponge first can absorb the equivalent of their 35 times of hexane and 43 times the mass of the cooking oil, it can also absorb about 31 times of hexane and cooking oil after recycling 5 times.On the basis of the silver seed sponge, we produced copper nanoparticles in situ reduction at the center of the silver seed for growth and prepared PMF/Cu composite sponge. Copper nanoparticles with silver seed for growth center in sponge surface distribution uniform, dense and fastness. After octadecanethiol modification, it get super hydrophobic performance. Super hydrophobic PMF/Cu composite sponge first can absorb the equivalent of their 35 times of hexane and43 times the mass of the cooking oil, and it still has good oil absorption capability after recycling 5 times.Through the research work of this paper, it is shown that diazo chemistry have a efficient and controlled effect on introducing specific functional groups on the surface of sponge.The effect of functional groups on the growth and distribution of nanoparticles was revealed.It has important theoretical and practical significance to promote the development of surface treatment technology and interface science theory.At the same time, it also promotes the preparation and application of oil-water separation materials.