The Analysis Of Commerce Geography Of JiaLing River Middle And Lower Reaches In Qing Dynasty

The historical development and the change in space of commercial geographical have been an important subject of regional historical geography research. The development of the commercial trade of an area and its geographic landscape evolution usually affect the politics, culture, customs and habits there. In recent years, the relations between reality and the study of regional geography or history gets more and more attention of the society. Those areas which locate in the bank of Jialing river have a long history and rich resources, therefore, it has a high value to research there. There are a few studies of JiaLing River, however, most of them only focuses on the traffic situation on historical time or the natural disaster in the area of the middle and lower reaches especially the inundation and the drought. However, for the whole JiaLing basin, there is always lack of a comprehensive system study of history and geography. This paper, as part of the study-"A Comprehensive Study of Geography and History of the JiaLing River Basin", mainly focuses on the situation of history and geography during Qing Dynasty, discussing the regulation of commercial development, in order to recover the basic situation of commercial geography during this period. The fist part of this paper is " the Introduction ", which states the reasons why choose " The Analysis of the Geography of JiaLing Middle and Lower Reaches in Qing Dynasty" as the title, describing the academic value and practical significance of this study. Then, the first chapter comes. This part mainly discusses the environment factors and history background of the commercial development in the area of the middle and lower reaches of the JiaLing River in Qing Dynasty, briefly reviewing the scope of river basin, geography, climate characteristics, the situation of economic development, administrative divisions, and the government policy. The second chapter focuses on the county annals of Qing Dynasty to the period of the republic of China, describing the spread and use of all kinds of recources including the agricultural products, crafts, animal husbandry, fisheries, forest products and so on in the middle and lower reaches of the Jialing river. Then, the third chapter mainly describes the transportation and the patter of trade route, especially stressing the construction of the post road and the commercial transportation of the water and land. The fourth chapter mainly describes the spread of towns and cities along JiaLing River and the commercial situation during that time, taking LangZhong, NanChong, HeChuan and ChongQing as examples. During the late of Qing Dynasty, as a result of many factors like opening commercial port, ChongQing got a rapid development in commercial and it’s political, economic and cultural status was rising, becoming an important role in the whole JiaLing River basin even in the whole southwest area. Therefore, there is a section used to describe the commercial situation of ChongQing. The rest part of this paper roughly discusses the regional characteristics of commercial development in the areas of the middle and lower reaches of the JiaLing River in Qing Dynasty and the reasons for that situation. Broadly speaking, this paper mainly studies the commercial development of the towns along the river and the commercial scale of the major cities in the area, making a preliminary analysis of commercial geography situation of the middle and lower reaches of the JiaLing River...