Research On Measurement Of Inclusive Growth Level In China From The View Of People-oriented

Since the implementation of reform and open policy, especially entering the post-reformera, the economy has achieved rapid development in China. Life has been effectivelyimproved and the process of industrialization and urbanization accelerated constantly.However, the disadvantages of economic growth came to the fore at the same time. The mostprominent thing is that the growth is non-wide shared. The inequalities of the income andexpenditure levels and the non-come inequality have been continued at a higher level,hierarchically and structurally. Social exclusion and imbalance are serious. It is necessary tocarry out inclusive growth to forward the development of both economic and society. In thisstudy, on the basis of combing domestic and foreign literatures, we defined the concept andthe connotation of the characteristics about the inclusive growth and constructed theevaluation index system of it from the people-oriented point of view. Using fuzzycomprehensive evaluation method for degree of membership which is based on factor analysis,we measured the level of overall economic inclusive growth in China in2011and the level ofdynamic changes of inclusive growth in1978-2011. In order to measure the regionaldifference of economic inclusive growth in China in2011, we used TOPSIS method on thebasis of coefficient of variation method. Finally, relevant ideas and countermeasure are givento promote China’s economy achieving inclusive growth. The major research findings are asfollows:(1) Defines the concept and connotation of inclusive growth. Based on the theories ofequity, sustainable development, social exclusive, poverty and economic growth, starting outfrom the people-oriented point of view, this paper thinks that inclusive growth is a growthmodel which based on the development of economic, comprehensively and sustainably. Inthis model, all members have the basic rights and can participate in the process ofdevelopment, including the vulnerable groups. Benefited from the development, more jobsand opportunities are provided. All members can take advantage of this to create values, sharethe fruits of theirs and get both livelihood and welfare developed. Different from pro-poorgrowth, it is a kind of people-oriented growth which take more attention to the participation and sharing of all members of the society and the ultimate value of which points to thedevelopment of real freedom for the people. Its connotation includes several aspects such aseconomy growing scientifically, effectively and sustainably, balancing between efficiency andequity, full participation, shared widely and so on.(2) Based on the concept and connotation of inclusive growth, we select a total of20specific indicators from sustainable economic growth, access to rights, equal opportunity andWelfare&Whitney four aspects to construct the evaluation index system of inclusive growth.Of these, sustainable growth includes5indicators: gathering speed, sustainability, growthpotential, creating employment opportunities and increasing the efficiency, the employmentcreation of which takes the employment rate of the second and the third industry as abenchmark. Rights introduce political right, property right besides traditional life right,educational right, the right to work and the right to health care, totally6indicators. Equalopportunity includes5indicators: educational fair, income fair, inclusive urban and rural,poverty reduction and health. Welfare&Whitney includes4indicators: social security level,living standard, living environment and public culture service.(3) Using fuzzy comprehensive evaluation based on factor analysis, we select thestatistics of the provinces and cities in China in2011to measure the inclusive level of China’seconomy in2011. The result shows: China’s overall inclusive is2.8795in2011, renderingbasic inclusion status. Apply TOPSIS method base on the coefficient of variation method torank the level of inclusiveness of provinces and regions in China in2011. It shows that theeastern region accounts for9of the top ten levels of inclusiveness. Of these, the top four areShanghai, Tianjin, Zhejiang and Beijing. The level of inclusiveness between regions isdiminishing state from east to west. Using fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method based onfactor analysis, we measured the level of dynamic changes of inclusive growth in1978-2011.According to the measured results, the level of inclusive growth in China’s economy presentsupward trend basically. The inclusiveness of sustainable growth, right, equality of opportunityand Welfare&Whitney are2.2792,2.6198,1.8687and2.6499. Namely, in the past34yearsin the process of economic development in China, it is in not very inclusive on sustainablegrowth, right, equality of opportunity and Welfare&Whitney. Another, the inclusiveness ofdynamic overall is2.5723, namely economic growth is not very inclusive on every aspect. (4) Advocating policy recommendations. In this paper, we think that the policies shouldbase on the inclusive growth of economic and society. The policies for the inclusive growth ofeconomic should base on two supports, that is: economic transformation and creatingemployment opportunities, productive employment opportunities especially. The policies forthe inclusive growth of society should base on three supports, that is: improving socialsecurity, strengthening human capacity and perfecting the regime system.