Dietary Intervention Study Effect Of KAP On Diet In Elderly Patients With Type â…¡ Diabetes

Objectives：Diabetes is a chronic disease for life, diet therapy is an important part of elderlypatients with type Ⅱ diabetes treatment. According to the elderly patients with typeⅡ diabetes mellitus dietary intervention characteristics, using the method ofcombining theory with practice to improve the patient’s diet knowledge, then changesin patients with eating attitudes, and ultimately improve the diet behavior of patients,improve the therapeutic effect, and effectively prevent and delay the occurrence ofcomplications and improve the quality of life of patients. The discharge ofhospitalized elderly patients with type Ⅱ diabetes diet after knowledge study and lifequality of the letter, and monitoring changes in patients with fasting blood glucose,2hpostprandial blood glucose, glycated hemoglobin values, body weight and bloodpressure, in order to evaluate the effect of dietary interventions and the influence onpatients.Methods.2012June to2013October,75cases in the Department of endocrinology of No.1Hospital of Jilin University hospitalized elderly patients with type2diabetes byrandom principle, divided into the experimental group36cases and control groupwith39cases. Before the start of the experiment the researchers asked patients signedthe "informed consent", fill in the questionnaire and the establishment of personalfiles. The researcher hospital diet intervention and discharge guidance for patients inthe experimental group, continue to implement the diet intervention for six monthsafter discharge; the control group were treated with routine diet nursing, followed upfor half a year following discharge. Two groups of patients should be every3months to hospital for a blood, change monitoring and recording of fasting blood glucose,2hpostprandial blood glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin, body mass index and bloodpressure. After the experiment, all the data of two groups of patients were collectedand statistically analyzed. The SPSS17.0statistical software for processing, with amean standard deviation (x s), Md (Ql, Qu) and the percentage (%) said the results,compared with two groups of samples were paired t test, independent samples t testand rank sum test; count data by constituent ratio (%) and2P<0.05test, there werestatistically significant differences in P<0.01, there was significant difference.Result.1two groups of diabetic patients, a total of75patients completed the wholeexperiment process. The basic data of two groups (age, gender, culture level,occupation, course of disease, complication, and living status) had no significantdifference (P>0.05), with comparable.2. Comparison of two groups of patients with diabetes between dietary knowledge,dietary attitudes and dietary behaviors of no statistical significance (P>0.05) beforethe diet intervention. Dietary intervention, the experimental group patients KAPscores were better than the control group in the patients with diabetic diet, thedifference was statistically significant (P<0.01).3. Two groups of patients’ quality of life compared to dietary intervention, nosignificant quality of life score of two groups of patients before interventiondifferences in diet (P>0.05). Dietary intervention, the experimental group in thequality of life, physiological function, physiological function, social function, roleemotional energy, scores of mental health were significantly higher than those in theintervention group, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.01). In terms ofbodily pain, general health, the experimental group and the control group scoresshowed no statistical significance (P>0.05).4. The two groups before intervention in patients with fasting blood glucose,2hpostprandial blood glucose levels and glycated hemoglobin values, no significantdifference (P>0.05).Dietary intervention, the control group of patients discharged from hospital patients in experimental group was better than that of fasting bloodglucose after3months,6months, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05);the experimental group patients with postprandial blood glucose control levels twohours at discharge and3months after discharge than patients in the control group, thedifference has statistical significance (<0.05); the experimental group patients wereglycosylated hemoglobin of3months and6months to control the level of better thanpatients in the control group, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.01).5. Body mass index and blood pressure of5patients of the two groups, had nostatistical significance in the difference before and after the intervention (P>0.05).Conclusion:1. Dietary intervention in this study can help the elderly patients with typeⅡdiabetes diet knowledge through learning, and finally to change bad eating habits,improve patient self management ability, reduce the occurrence and development ofcomplications, so as to improve the quality of life.2. Dietary intervention in this study contributes to the decrease of diabetic patientswith fasting blood glucose, postprandial2h blood glucose, glycosylated hemoglobinvalue.3. The control effect of diet intervention on body mass index, blood pressure inpeople with diabetes is not ideal, a further study of the influential factors andsignificance remains to be.