Research On The Application And Related Factors Of The Kogan’s Attitudes Toward Old People Scale Of Chinese Caregivers In Nursing Home

ObjectiveTranslate the Kogan’s Attitudes Toward Old People Scale and evaluate thereliability and validity of the application in the nursing homes, explore theapplicability of the nurses engaging in the elderly nursing, while analyzing itstendency and related factors to provide a theoretical reference which beentaken measures to improve the overall quality of the nursing team.MethodsWith the consent of Dr. Nathan Kogan, the original authors of Kogan’sAttitudes Toward Old People Scale (KAOPS), we use the Lee’s improvedChinese translation mode for translation, back-translation and culturaladaptation for the first draft, then choose20nursing cares who meet theinclusion criteria for pre-trial and form the Chinese version KAOP Scale for thefinal draft based on the further modifying results lastly. The392nurses ofLiaoning Province in the firsttier pension nursing cares were conducted aquestionnaire survey by the convenience sampling, which testing the reliability,validity of KAOPs in our nursing home and analyzing of the impact of generalInformation on the attitudes of elderly. Use SPSS13.0to establish the databasefor statistical analysis. To conduct the items analysis with critical ratio method;Cronbach’s alpha coefficient and the test-retest reliability were used to evaluate the reliability; Content validity ratio content and the factor analysis were used toevaluate the validity. Describe the general information and attitude scores of thenursing cares with percentages, mean, standard deviation. AdoptingMann-Whitney U test and Kruskal Wallis H test, multiple linear stepwiseregression to explore the related factors of the attitude towards caregivers forthe elderly.Results1、Reliability and validity of the Chinese version KAOP scale.The results of items analysis and content validity do meet the requirementsexcept the fourth item and its paired item which considered deleting them. Thecontent validity ratio of the rest of the32items ranged from0.2to1.0, meansCVR is0.813. Cronbach’s α coefficient was0.830for the total scale, thesubscales were0.84,0.81.The test-retest correlation was0.865. The subscaleswere0.828and0.830, respectively. The corrected item-total correlation rangedfrom0.302to0.475. Two factors were extracted by principal componentsanalysis and contributed33.46%to the variance. The expression of32item intwo factors was good and factor loading values all were greater than0.3and thestructure we found was consistent in the structure of Kogan’s original scale.There exists good stability and accuracy of the scale in the application of thenursing home.2、The current status of the caregivers of the attitudes towards the elderlyIn this survey of the attitude towards elderly of caregivers in LiaoningProvince, the mean score was98.08and the standard deviation was13.91.45.3percentages of total score is higher than the average level of96points.Pearson correlation analysis showed that the part correlation of16positiveitems and16corresponding negative ones were small (r<0.3, P<0.05), containing1,2,5,9,11,12,15,16,17. This indicated the caregivers’ attitudestowards elderly have a contradictory attitude, but tend to be positive.3、The related factors on the attitudes toward elderly of the caregiversThe test showed no significant difference between nurses and caregiver（sP＞0.05） and significant difference among different education, income,circumstance of elderly, nature of nursing home for the elderly（P＜0.05).Weconduct the general information as the independent variable, scores of attitudestowards older as the dependent variable, then the stepwise multiple regressionanalysis showed that the related factors of the attitudes towards elderly wererespect from families of elderly, self-realization, nature of nursing home,qualifications, age.ConclusionThe Chinese version of KAOP scale has high reliability and validity, and ithas been proved can be used for nursing cares of the nursing home to assessthe attitudes towards the elderly. The main constraints of the impact on theattitudes of the elderly include respect from families of elderly, self-realization,nature of nursing home, education, age and qualifications is the greatestaffecting factors among general information. Therefore we can carry outstratified interventions according to qualifications to improve the prejudicedattitudes of nursing cares towards the elderly.