The Significance Of The Expression Of RECK In Esophageal Cancer

Esophageal cancer(EC) drived from the abnormal proliferation of esophagealsquamous or glandular epithelium. EC involved in a number of factors and genes andslowly evolved through multiple stages (dysplasia, carcinoma in situ and invasive). EChave high incidence in developing countries, and they are mainly squamous cellcarcinoma,mrbidity and mortality of in patients with EC China is higher in the world.With the development of molecular biology, the molecular mechanism of the EC havebeen paid attention. Recent studies found that the RECK gene may play an importantrole in the development of EC.Objective:Takallash found that RECK is a new metastasis suppressor gene.Themechanism may be that RECK inhibit tumor growth, invasion and metastasis byinhibiting secretion and activity of MMP-2and MMP-9and MTI-MMP. It has beenconfirmed that a number of tumor metastas is closely related to mutation, deletion,methylation abnormalities of the RECK gene, but study about relation of RECK gene,expresstion and tumor metastasis is rare. So we want to discover the relationshipbetween RECK and EC, and hope to find new molecular targets of EC by detectingexpression of the RECK gene in EC and esophageal carcinoma cell line.Method:Adjacent normal mucosa of EC, precancerous tissue and EC wereselected form the Cancer Hospital of Anshan City and surgical resection specimenswithout chemotherapy and radiotherapy in the past decade. Three cases of freshesophageal specimens taken from the Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical Universityand without preoperative radiotherapy and chemotherapy. The two individualsesophageal cancer cell lines(TE-1and ECA-109) come from the Shanghai Cell Bank ofChinese Academy of Sciences. In the out study, We detected the expression of RECK inadjacent normal mucosa of EC, precancerous tissue, and EC tissues by the paraffin tissue microarray technology and immune histochemistry (IHC). We detected theexpression of RECK in the three cases fresh specimens and two EC cell line byimmunocytochemistry (ICC), reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCT).The data were statistically analyzed by Kruskal-Wallis and Mamm Whitney with SPSS11.0software (test lever, a=0.05).Result:1. The expression of RECK in different EC tissues and the two individualsesophageal cancer cell lines. In the adjacent relatively normal tissue, precancerouslesions and EC tissues, the expression of RECK were100%,57.6%and32.5%. Itshowed a declining trend. EC is significantly different to adjacent relatively normaltissue and precancerous lesions (p=0.00, p=0.03). Adjacent relatively normal tissue issignificantly different to precancerous lesions (p=0.018). However, esophagealsquamous cell carcinoma is no significantly different to esophageal adenocarcinoma(p>0.05).RECK had expression in esophageal carcinoma cell line ECA-109, but it was notexpressed in esophageal cancer cell lines TE-1.2. Relation of RECK with invasion andmetastasis of EC.The expression of RECK was closely related to metastasis of lymphnodes of EC. Expression of RECK protein in lymph nodes metastasis of EC wassignificantly lower than no lymph nodes metastasis. The two groups were significantlydifference (p=0.044).The expression of RECK was not related to T-staging whichrepresent depth of invasion, it was not significantly difference (p>0.05). However, onhistological grade level, the expression of RECK of I-Ⅱ was significantly higher thanⅢ-Ⅳ. The two groups were significantly difference (p=0.011).3. Relation of RECKto various pathological indicators of tumor.In the well-differentiated, moderatelydifferentiated and poorly differentiated EC, the expression of RECK protein graduallybecome lower. The expression of RECK was statistically significant difference inpoorly differentiated EC and the well-differentiated EC (p=0.034), the expression ofRECK was statistically significant difference in the well-differentiated EC andmoderately differentiated EC(P=0.045), but it was on statistically significance in bepoorly differentiated EC and moderately differentiated EC. In addition, the expressionof RECK was related to tumor size. The expression of RECK in the EC of>3cm wassignificantly lower than the the tumor of <3cm. The two groups were significantlydifference (p=0.016).The expression of RECK protein were not related to gender, ageand location of tumor in patients of EC (P>0.05).Conclusion：1. In the adjacent normal mucosa group, precancerous lesions andesophageal cancer tissue, the expression of the RECK gene gradually decreased.2. The expression of RECK gene was closely related to invasion and metastasis of EC. Theexpression rate in metastasis of lymph node was significantly lower than those withoutmetastasis of lymph node, and its expression in Ⅲ-Ⅳ level significantly lower than theⅠ-Ⅱ level. RECK migt be an important biological marker of esophageal invasion,metastasis, and have important significance in diagnosis of cancer.3. The expression ofRECK gene was not related to patient,age, sex, and depth of invasion of EC, but withthe increase of the tumor and the lower degree of differentiation, expression of RECKwas significantly reduced.4. In EC and esophageal carcinoma ECA-109cell line, RECKprotein and RECK mRNA showed low expression, they were not expression.in TE-1celllines.