| High-quality tobacco with characteristics has been the base of raw material of Chinese cigarettes, tobacco lack of characteristics is one of the important factors restricting the development of Chinese cigarettes. The diversity of the ecological conditions of the tobacco-growing areas in China, it has provided the good conditions for production of high-quality tobacco with characteristics. It has been important significance for development of high-quality tobacco with characteristics to make full use of biodiversity resources in China’s tobacco-growing areas while form the measures of cultivation techniques. In this study, physical and chemical properties of volcanic ash soil and quality characteristics of tobacco in Volcanic Ash Soils Region of Tengchong, effects of Different Phosphorus, magnesium, zinc and boron Levels on yield and quality of Flue—cured Tobacco in volcanic ash soils, have been studied. The main results are as follows:Physical properties of volcanic ash soils was good, bulk density was0.73g/cm3, the lowest, belong to the sandy loam soil permeability, it was suitable for high quality tobacco production. In volcanic ash soils, soil pH value was about6.06, the content of organic matter was38.04%in average and it was rich, soil available nitrogen content was149.89mg/kg in average and it was high, available phosphorus content wasl7.51mg/kg in average, it was low and uneven distribution, available potassium content was214.80mg/kg in average and it was rich, water-soluble chlorine content was21.58mg/kg in average and it was low, the effective magnesium content112.77mg/kg in average and its distribution is very uneven,42%of the soil was deficiency magnesium, effective boron content in average0.39mg/kg and it is low, effective zinc content was1.84mg/kg and it was uneven distribution,46%of the soil was deficiency.Appearance quality of tobacco of Volcanic ash soils was better, compared to other soil types, there have been orange color, loose leaf structure, medium thickness, much oil and Strong luster on appearance of tobacco. There have been obvious characteristics with the main chemical composition of Flue-cured tobacco in Volcanic ash soils, their total sugar and reducing sugar content were lower, the nicotine and potassium content were higher relatively, the two sugar differential was lower, chemical availability index was0.71in average and was higher while stable relatively. The content of pigments and polyphenol in volcanic ash soils were generally higher than other soil types, their lutein, beta-carotene and rutin content were significantly higher than other soil types,130.40ug/g,133.40ug/g and11.75mg/g respectively. The content of plastid pigment degradation products of flue-cured tobacco leaves of volcanic ash soils were31.42ug/g and was the highest, significantly higher than the paddy soil, slightly higher than the red and yellow, but there were no significant difference with the red and yellow. The content Furfuryl alcohol, benzene, acetaldehyde,2-acetylpyrrole volcanic ash soils were in the highest or high level, the other volatile aroma components was25.00ug/g and the highest total, there were no significant difference in four types soils. The content of non-volatile organic acid of tobacco in volcanic ash soils was70.03mg/g and significantly higher than other soil types, their malic acid was45.10mg/g, was significantly higher than other soil types.It could promote the growth of tobacco plant and increase the quality of flue-cured tobacco production to increase P fertilizer application In volcanic ash soils. Within a certain range, the growing, production and quality of flue-cured tobacco increased with the increase of P fertilizer application. The treatment which applied the pure phosphorus225kg/hm-was the best, its growth, output value, average price and the proportion of superior tobacco were all the highest, they were66,222.0yuan/hm",24.9yuan and95.7%. Appearance quality of flue-cured tobacco was best, there have been orange color, loosed leaf structure, medium thickness, much oil and Strong luster on appearance of tobacco, and chemical composition of tobacco were coordination.Increasing application of Zn and B could promote the growth of tobacco plant in volcanic ash soils. The treatment which application of Zn and B were The6.60-13.2kg/hm2and8.25-16.5kg/hm2could promote the growth of tobacco plant, improve the disease resistance of the tobacco plant, improve economic character and appearance quality and availability of chemical composition of flue-cured Tobacco, its yield, output value, average price and the proportion of middle and superior tobacco were2701.5kg/hm2,66774.0yuan/hm2,25.3yuan/kg and96.3%respectively. At the same time, it could improve the content of plastid pigment degradation products and other volatile aroma substances. |
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