Study On The Critical Control Measures Of Wheat Take-All And Its Application

In recent years, Wheat Take-all disease have becomed more and more severly year by year in Henan, threating wheat production and sustainable development. There are some problems, bring great difficulties to the Control to Wheat Take-all, such as being unclear of the resistance of many cultivars, difficulty in promotion of agricultural control technologies such as crop rotation, immaturity of biological control technology, and lacking of fungicides of high effeciency, low toxicity and low-cost. Strengthening the research on the critical control measures of Wheat Take-all, to control the epidemic development as soon as possible, which has become a technical problem of wheat production of quality and effeciency in Henan, needed to be resolved urgently. In order to control the occurrence of Wheat Take-all, the article mainly has conducted the research in the content from the followed several aspects:1.Screening for efficient chemicals to wheat take-all. In order to screen out fungicides of high efficiency and low toxicity, we have carried out field plot experiments coupled with pot cultivation on thirteen various sub-treatment agents. The results showed that indoor potted plants and field test results were concordant. The results indicated that treating seed with12.5%FS Latitud at the rate of200ml per100kg wheat was the best in control effect and effect of increasing yield, while not obvious in stimulating growth of wheat. The followed were treating seeds with3%FS Dividend at the rate of500ml per100kg wheat,2.5%FS Celest at the rate of200ml per100kg wheat,3%Difenoconazole at the rate of500ml per100kg wheat,5%FS Shimaidan at the rate of400ml per100kg wheat,62.5%QSL at the rate of200ml per100kg wheat,53%DSL at the rate of400ml per100kg wheat,2%FS Raxil at the rate of200ml per100kg wheat, and52.5%SSL at the rate of400ml per100kg wheat with better control effect and effect of increasing yield. The control effect of2.5%FS Premis at the rate of200ml per100kg wheat,50%WP Diniconazole at the rate of200ml per100kg wheat,26%LSL at the rate of200ml per100kg wheat,6%FS Orius at the rate of67ml per100kg wheat, and6%FS Orius at the rate of50ml per100kg wheat were poorer. 2.Resistance identification and evaluation of resistant ability to Wheat Take-all. In order to screen out wheat varieties of highly control effective to Wheat Take-all, we carried out experiments with pot cultivation on50different wheat cultivars, which were widely cultivated in Huanghuai area or passed the examination and approval of the last few years. The results indicated that the holistic resistance was relatively worse in spite of there was obvious discrepancy among different wheat cultivars. There were no wheat cultivars of IR and HR. Total of19varieties including Yumai70-36,Zhengmai9962,Yumai34,Zhoumai23,Yumai18,Yumai58,Luomai21,Yuy oul,Yumai49-198,Zhengmai9405,Bainong160,Hengguan35,Yumai49,Pingan6,Xinma-i208,Zhengyumai9987,Xinmail l,Gaoyou503and Zhoumai22, reached the level of MR, accounting for38%of the ratio.8varieties consisting of Zhengmai004, Xinong979, Yumai25, Luomai9,Fanmai5,Shandong95519,Huapei2and Lumai21, were in the range of HS.23varieties of the rest belonged to the range of MS. Wheat cultivars of MS and HS accounted for62%of the total cultivars tested.3.Demonstration promotion of the fungicides of high effeciency and low toxicity. Celest, Dividend,Raxil and SSL showed not only better in control effect and effect of increasing yield in the Screening for efficient chemicals to Wheat Take-all,but also relatively inexpensive, therefore, we put forward Celest, Dividend, Raxil and SSL in yield demonstration and extension. We extended the4fungicides of a total of7.75×103kg on a scale of2.33×105hectares, increasing wheat yields of1.63×107kg and profits of24.85million Yuan RMB. The demonstration controled Wheat Take-all, Wheat Sharp Eye Spot and Root Rot of Wheat effectively, drive the city and county department of agriculture and farmers to carry out actively prevention and control and reduced the pollution because of blind use of drugs, achieving a good social, economic efficiency and ecological benefit.