The Germplasm Evaluation And Investigation Of The Rare Plant Pteroceltis Tatarinowii Maxim, In Shandong Province

Pteroceltis tatarinowii Maxim., an endemic monotypic plant of China, is of high valuenot only in papermaking, medicine, timber, nutrition, but also in the ecological protection andscientific research. While, because of the hunman disturbance and overexploitation, thePteroceltis tatarinowii resources are decreasing quickly, thus, it has been listed as a memberof the national grade Ⅲ rare and endangered plants.In order to protect the Pteroceltis tatarinowii resources in Shandong province, three wildPteroceltis tatarinowii communities (Qingtan Temple of Zaozhuang city, Foyu and LingyansiTemple of Jinan city)were investigated. The population structure, phenotypic diversity, andgenetic diversity of the communities were analyzed, hope to find out the causes of theextinction and provide some effective measures. The conclusions are as follows:1. The species composition and structure of wild Pteroceltis tatarinowii community inQingtan Temple were analyzed. There are73species of plants, belonging to69genera of45families in Pteroceltis tatarinowii community in Qingtan Temple of Zaozhuang. Raunkiaerfrequency law analysis shows that common species have obvious advantages in abundance,and rare species are fewer, and species are distributed more evenly. Areal-type analysis ofgenera suggests that the temperate types is predominating, accounting for50.98%, while thetropical types account for43.14%and are more important than temperate types in communitycomposition. Life-form spectrum shows that the phanerophytes plants are the most, followedby Hemicryptophytes, Therophytes, Geophytes, and Geophytes. The dominant species in treelayer were Pteroceltis tatarinowii, Sabina chinensis, and Diospyros lotus, with the importantvalue14.98%,2.48%, and2.39%respectively; the dominant ones in shrub layer wereCudrania tricuspidata, Lespedeza daurica, Vitex negundo var. heterophylla, and Grewia biloba;the species of herbaceous layer are rich and Arthraxon hispidus is dominate; there were fewspecies in the inter-layer.2.54Pteroceltis tatarinowii samples from three populations were analyzed usingmorphological markers. Morphological diversities among/within populations were carried outon the traits of leaf length, leaf width, leaf length/leaf width, petiole length, petiole length/leaf length, lateral veins logarithm and the number of left or right serrations. The mean phenotypic differentiation coefficient (VST) was11.62125%, showing that most of thevariation exists within populations. Based on the mean coefficients of variation (CV), thevariation within Lingyan Temple was the biggest, the variation within Qingtan Temple wassmaller, and the variation within Foyu was the least.3.62germplasms of Pteroceltis tatarinowii were analyzed by SRAP markers.14primerpairs were selected from150pairs, which were applied to study the genetic diversity andrelationships of the materials.481loci were produced and the percentage of polymorphic lociwas99.59%.4. The genetic diversity analysis of populations showed that, the genetic diversity existedamong groups was low (Gst=0.1067), the genetic distances among populations were short andthe gene flow was high (Nm=4.1855), which was the same to the research of morphologicalmarkers. The genetic distance between Lingyan Temple and Qingtan Temple populations wasthe longest, and the one between Lingyan Temple and Foyu populations was the shortest.5. The Nei’s genetic similarity coefficient ranged from0.02to0.74with an average of0.31, showed that the genetic relationship among the materials was far. By UPGMA clusteranalysis, the62materials can be divided into3groups. Most of the materials clusteredaccording to the species origin.6. The dominate reason for the extiction of Pteroceltis tatarinowii in Shandong province.The conservation of Pteroceltis tatarinowii can be carried out by three aspects: situ conservation,ex-situ conservation, and use utilization to promote protection.