Cytological Identification Of Wheat-rye Distant Hybridization Progenies

Abstract:Wheat is planted widely in the world and is one of the three major food crops in the world.The genetic basis of wheat is narrow. To discover new resistant genes to stripe rust and powdery mildew is very important for wheat breeding program. Relative species of wheat is an important gene pool of wheat breeding and possesses extensive genetic variation. Rye (Secale cereal L.) has some important traits beneficial for wheat’s yield and resistance improvement and is the most widely used in wheat breeding. To transfer elite genes from rye into wheat background is the most effective method for wheat improvement. Wheat-rye1RS/1BL translocation plays an important role in wheat breeding. But the sources of1RS/1BL translocation lines were narrow and most of them lost the resistance to stripe rust and powdery mildew because the continuous variation of physiological races of the pathogen. So making full use of rye to develop new resistance materials is the key step in wheat breeding.In this study, rye inbred lines AR106BONE and Kustro were used to cross with common wheat cultivar Mianyang11, which is high susceptible to stripe rust and powdery mildew. Some obtained the double diploid after artificial double to the plant of F1, and then investigation the chromosome number and structure identification by genome in situ hybridization and multiple color fluorescence in situ hybridization and at the same time,we investigated of resistance of the materials,. The results are as follows:(1) Eight triticale materials fast and stabled in cytology was obtained.(2) Found a different strain, first lost wheat or rye chromosome, the dicentric chromosome detection in part of materials, and dicentric chromosomes showed unequal separation. These materials provide useful material for chromosome of wheat-Rye allopolyploidization in variation and centromere function research.(3) Identified12has excellent resistance to powdery mildew and rust of wheat rye allopolyploidization, which enriches the resistance breeding of wheat materials.