Irrigation Water Management And Soil Moisture Monitoring

Water shortages and uneven distribution has become an obstacle to economic and socialdevelopment of important issues. National agricultural irrigation water is the most importantpart of the total water consumption, water resources rational development, utilization with theessential basis. Development of efficient water-saving new technology, the rational allocationof regional water resources and improve the efficiency of agricultural water use and irrigationmanagement level, realize the sustainable utilization of regional water resources is an urgentneed to solve the problem.In this study, a typical Guanzhong Irrigation measured data, based on analysis ofirrigation water demand and the actual amount of water changes the relationship between theprocess of research over the years including the actual water irrigation statistical analysis ofdata and crop water demand calculation and analysis of the situation; Through the years ofrainfall irrigation, diversion headworks statistical analysis of data, combined with irrigationplanting structure and irrigation system, farmers’ water use habits, Irrigation water usecoefficient, analysis and calculation of different irrigation irrigation water hydrological yeartheoretical and actual irrigation cited water and process water; combines the key cropirrigation water demand period, a reasonable allocation of irrigation water for the irrigationsystem and optimized to provide the fundamental basis for the implementation of irrigationwater allocation to provide support and guidance.Reasonable allocation of irrigation water for the irrigation system and optimized toprovide the basis of the forecast based on the characteristics of Irrigation, with the help ofmodern wireless data transmission technology, design and implementation of a new irrigationforecast Zigbee-based method for real-time monitoring of soil moisture and accuratelydevelop irrigation program to provide protection.Study the main achievements and conclusions are as follows:(1)According to the typical meteorological year1989-2011irrigation, soil, groundwaterand the major proportion of crops, planting and irrigation area, and other statistical datameasured data, using the Penman-Monteith equation and farmland water balance equation hasbeen the major irrigation crop water requirement of crops, irrigation water demand forirrigation. The results showed that: the main crop growth period of the crop water requirementsecular variation is basically stable, with the exception of winter wheat, the fruit trees, cotton and maize crop water requirement for many years consistent trends; whole irrigation duringrainfall and rainfall distribution on Irrigation Water Requirements have a greater impact, theirrigated crop planting structure adjustment Irrigation water demand is also affected animportant factor in changing the whole total irrigated crop water requirement decreasing trendfor years prior to2001average annual reduction of14,890,000m3, then leveled off.(2) According to the typical irrigation1989-2008actual diversion information and themain crop irrigation crop irrigation water requirement and irrigation water demandcalculations, research and analysis of a typical irrigation Irrigation water demand and therelationship between the actual amount of water research found: Due to rainfall, crop acreage,regional water resources, farmers irrigation water management practices and other factors,irrigation water demand and the actual amount of water for many years showed a decreasingtrend; consider groundwater use, crop irrigation and soil water use ratio by factors such asamended irrigation water requirement and the actual amount of water irrigation curve in goodagreement, except for large rainfall year, the revised water demand is slightly larger than theactual amount of water; except1992,1996,2003years, each with the actual amount of waterrequired water ratio remained stable, indicating that the typical irrigation water managementis relatively reasonable, the total amount of water can basically meet the irrigation waterdemand; However, due to irrigation water for the summer and no more sediment Weihe Riverwater regulation, although irrigation has taken, such as Chu water for irrigation, waterdiversion and other measures peak load shifting, but different hydrological typical year thereare different degrees of water shortage, especially in July-August crop water needs of thecritical period of water requirement is not met.(3) soil moisture monitoring and irrigation combined with real-time forecasting of thetechnical requirements, proposed dividing irrigation monitoring unit disposed moisturemonitoring points as well as the requirements of Zigbee network nodes and methods. Tofacilitate the management and accurate monitoring data, will be divided into irrigationirrigation control area and the basic control unit two levels. The basic unit of the factorsaffecting forecasts conclusions conditions require basically the same. Monitoring is necessaryto consider the cost of the arrangement but also fully embodies the regional representation.Zigbee network nodes arranged the focus on data transmission security, reliability, ensuringefficient operation of the network.(4) focus from the functional point of view of the Zigbee network monitoring systemand remote control center hardware and software were designed. Based on the data transferprocess and the execution level operating functions of the sensor nodes, the controller nodeand gateway node were carried out functional design; proposed to calculate daily forecasts predict way Irrigation and designed to achieve the program features daily forecasts. To themeasured soil moisture forecast based on the results of real-time correction to ensure theaccuracy of forecasting.