The Research Of Adding Zinc Management Selenium And Diludine To Dairy Cows In Transition Period

The growth and development of dairy industry of Huanggang is in its golden periodand occupys arprime position in the commercial dairy farming in Hubei province. Transition period is an important stage in dairy farm management, in which feeding and managemental practices are related to the production and reproductive performances and hence, impacted profit potential. The study was conducted to regulate trace elements cows perinatal, thereby improving the balance of trace elements.The study included three parts.Experiment1was conducted on dairy cows regarding the ratio of trace elements in the ration and blood plasma. The results showed an imbalance of trace elements in the daily ration compared to feeding requirements of NRC (2001). Ratios that were particularly significants were, higher and lower levels of iron and selenium contents respectively, while are contents including copper, zinc, manganese, iodine, cobalt werein higher levels. Similarly, blood plasma picture was not ideal and level of zinc, manganese and selenium were below normal.Experiment2was conducted on25Holstein cows. These cows were divided into3groups according to the nature of additives (organic, inorganic and control groups) and supplemented with trace elements in their daily ration including zinc (300mg), manganese (300mg), and selenium (8mg). Units for organic trace elements were zinc methionine, manganese methionine and selenium yeast while inorganic units were zinc sulfate, manganese sulfate, and sodium selenite. The results showed that there was no significant difference in average daily milk yield around10to21days postpartum. The milk yield was23.12±2.13kg,24.21±4.11kg,23.78±1.19kg in organic, inorganic and control groups respectively. Similarly, milk butterfat, protein and lactose contents were unaffected among all groups, however, total solids contents of milk in organic group around21d of postpartum was significantly higher than Inorganic and control group. Supplementation of trace elements did not affect somatic cell count in milk and appeared to improve the breast immunity. Zinc and Selenium contents in the milk were significantly higher in organic groups on day0-2,11d and21d postpartum. The increase was14.44%,29.70%,21.14%higher for zinc and22.91%,77.01%,62.5%higher then control group, however it was unaltered in inorganic or control group. However, magnese contents were significant higher in organic and inorganic groups than control. Supplementation of trace elements improved the plasma zinc contents of perinatal cows, as plasma zinc content were higher on21days postpartum but was no significant among all groups on other days although was in normal physiological range. Plasma selenium and maganesecontents in organic group was significantly higher (P<0.05)21d after parturation, than control group but found non-significant among all groups and time intervals.Plasma SOD activity was found13.79%higher in organic groups compared to control on d21postpartum although difference was non significant among all groups. Supplementation of trace elements imporved the CuZn-SOD vitality in blood plasma as it was signifcanlty higher on days of parturition and21days postpartum. Plasma Mn-SOD activity was non significant among all groups and time intervals and was found minimum at the time of parturition. However, GSH-PX activity was unaltered before and after parturition however it was significantly elevated in organic group21days after parturition.Experiment3was conducted on20Holstein cows. These cows were divided into2groups (each group of10heads) and supplemented with5g diludine to experiment group in their daily rations. The results showed that the blood sugar in experimental groupwas27.91%(P<0.05) and2.79times (P<0.01) higher than the control group on days of parturition and21days postpartum; Plasma cholesterol content was25.48%,15.38%lower; Plasma urea content was49.78%lower than the control group on days of parturition,9.82%higher on21days postpartum.Serum alkaline phosphatase activity was rising in the control group, however it was declining in the experimental group, experimental group were2.36%、18.68%lower than the control group on days of parturition and21days postpartum; plasma alanine aminotransferase activity was lowest on days of parturition and highest on21days postpartum; aspertate aminotransferase activity in plasma are rising in the control group and experimental group, experimental group rose faster; There were no significant differences between the groups.Plasma total bilirubin, direct bilirubin and indirect bilirubin content were rising. Plasma total bilirubin, and indirect bilirubin content were lower in experimental group on days of parturition and21days postpartum, while direct bilirubin content was higher than that in the control group,on21days postpartum, the experimental group was9.56%lower than that in the control group.The trend of plasma protein content in the twot groups on the trend is not consistent. plasma total protein, albumin and globulin content in childbirth was lowest in the test group, however, total protein and globulin are rising in the control group. plasma total protein were13.06%,17.23%higher than that in the control group on21days postpartum and21days postpartum, plasma albumin content was7.82%lower than that in control group on childbirth, but18.19%higher (P<0.05) on21days postpartum; plasma globulin contents in the experimental group was35.42%(P<0.01),16.82%(P<0.05) higher than that in the control group.