Soil Conservation Monitoring Of Hydroelectric Power Station In South West Of Hubei Province

Hubei Province is very rich in water resources. Except the two main rivers, Yangtze and Hanjiang, the province owns more than4228rivers with a total length of59,200km at all levels of medium and small rivers. At the same time, Hubei is a mountainous province in which the hilly area accounts for about80%of the province’s land area. Also, Hubei provinces is relatively abundant rainfall place, with an average annual rainfall of1170mm. Special terrain, topography and water distribution can easily result in soil erosion. The construction of hydropower stations occurs usually in the mountains, the construction process accompanied with a large number of earth excavation, vegetation damaged. if not paying attention to the soil and water conservation, it must cause serious soil erosion.Soil and water conservation monitoring is a basic erosion control work which based on the protection of soil and water resources and the maintaining of a good ecological environment. Timely monitoring is conducive to the correct analysis and the evaluation of soil and water conservation measures. This can add and improve soil and water conservation facilities which based on monitoring results and standards.So that it can protect the safety of ecological environment and the operation of the project. And water conservation monitoring can grasp the condition of soil erosion and the control effect of production and construction projects, propose soil and water conservation improvements to reduce man-made soil erosion, grasp the effect of the prevention and control of soil erosion, provide a scientific basis for the optimization of soil and water conservation measures, prepare experience in similar projects and soil conservation program.Currently, the construction of hydropower projects is just at the beginning,such as poor water and soil conservation monitoring in monitoring facilities and in equipment as well as in applied technology.In this study, Najitan Bailinyan and Yangjiaba Hydropower Stations were taken as examples to analysis and sumerize the soil erosion characteristics of Hydropower projects in Enshi Hubei. This study uses the appropriate systematic monitoring indicators. And monitoring methods of soil and water conservation were summarized. Soil and water conservation work, there are some problems, this article discussed them, then summarized as follows:(1)The total erosion characteristics of hydropower station construction in Hubei Province is:water erosion is the main, follows with gravity erosion. This situation occurs mainly in the period of construction preparation and construction. When the station comes to the running period, there is few soil erosion. Due to the arrangement of construction and the building technology, each partition’s soil erosion characteristics are not the same. Soil erosion consistent in time with the construction organization arrangements.(2)Soil and Water Conservation Monitoring of Hydropower Station uses the method of combining ground monitoring and investigation monitoring. At first, investigate the topography of the project area, then select a representative area to set monitoring points and to carry out ground monitoring.(3) In Hydropower Project, point of soil and water conservation need to follow certain principles. The general principle is:You can monitor the situations of soil erosion, damage and the effects of various types of control measures; monitoring results should be valid and complete; based on typical water conservation monitoration, and combined with general monitoring. Collecting and investigating the natural environment of the project area, then further field investigation. At last, to laid monitoring points according to the specific circumstances of hydropower project.(4)Research by the monitoring data from the Yangjiaba power station, Yandu river basin shows that:Surface disturbance area caused by the construction of hydropower station related to the progress of the work. When the monitoring begins, the disturbances of the works on the surface is still maintained at a low level. with the main works carried out, a sharp increase in the area of surface disturbance exists and quickly reaches its maximum value, and this situation lasts until the end of the project;When analysis at the time change against to the amount of the soil loss, the loss of the main project increases at first, then decreases immediately after the ending of the construction. The latter peak is barely one-tenth. Although the spoil yard loss is the highest from the sight of absolute number, the soil erosion intensity has not always been the largest, the loss of intensity of the main project area once beyond spoil yard area.