Synchronous Kinematic Analysis Of Olfactory Bulb And Network Modeling

Olfactory system is an important part of creatures’ sensory nerve system, with which we can sense and successfully distinguish a variety of odors. When stimulated by some odor, the smell receptor will change the chemical signal into electrical signal and then transmit it to the olfactory bulb. After integrating and coding the information, olfactory bulb will pass it to olfactory cortex for further handling. Finally, the odor can be identified by olfactory system. The spike sequences of neurons is a vital part in the process of message coding. Moreover, the synchronous oscillation of cells is the essential condition to realize population coding. As the first synaptic relay central of olfactory information transfer path, olfactory bulb plays an important role in message processing. The interaction between excited mitral cells and inhibitory granular cells is the key factor of synchronous oscillation in olfactory bulb. So, it becomes especially significant to do some work about these two kinds of cells, just like numerical simulation and interaction analysis. We also set up the electrophysiological model of olfactory bulb for further discussion.In this paper, we first introduce the physiological anatomy structure of olfactory system and mechanism of smell formation, including a detailed description of olfactory bulb. Secondly, we review the development history of a set of olfactory system models, and also talk about the research status. In the same time, space-time coding of neurons and main research methods of neural coding are briefly introduced. Thirdly, we analyse the dynamic model of mitral cell and granular cell based on H-H(Hodgkig-Huxley) equation in detail. Through the model, we do some analog simulation about the firing pattern of mitral cell and granular cell, under the condition of these two kinds of cells spiking alone or having a coupling relationship. The synaptic connection strength can be changed by adjusting the conductance value of corresponding receptor. Finally, we set up the electrophysiological model of olfactory bulb consists of mitral cells layer and granular cells layer. This model can be used to explore the influence that different network of granular cells have on the synchronous oscillation of mitral cells. We estimate the degree of synchrony between two spike trains with bivariate ISI-distance method.This paper can help learn the pattern recognition theory about odor based on olfactory bulb in depth. In the meantime, it lays a solid foundation for further study. In the following work, we will take the olfactory bulb as a whole, not only talking about mitral cells and granule cells, but also including periglomelular neurons. Then, we can add the smell receptor and olfactory cortex to our electrophysiological model, discussing the the mechanism of olfactory coding more synthetically and comprehensively.