Research On Women Groups Left In Rural Areas And Their Impact On Agricultural Production

Urbanization and industrialization is a necessary stage in the national process of modernization,they are also the "engine" and "booster" in the process of human economic and social development.However, at the same time of the development and progress in the fields of economic and societywhich are promoted by urbanization and industrialization, a unique group——the remaining wiveswho are left in rural areas, appear in our country. The traditional sexual division was replaced by anew pattern of "men work in factories, women work in fields ", the remaining wives are becomemain force of agricultural production, the trend of the feminization of agriculture has been veryobvious. Because of their own qualities, social roles and other reasons, the majority of rural womenhave to remain at home; the remaining wives assume all the responsibilities that should beundertaken by the couple. They not only need to support the elderly, raising children, but alsoparticipate in high-intensity agricultural production activities. The vulnerable groups of remainingwives undertake the highest psychological and physiological burden, and they have the greatestimpact on agricultural production and the development of rural economic, but receive the leastattention. In the context of the feminization of agricultural production, how to improve the survivalcondition of women left in rural areas and how to ensure the sustained and healthy development ofour country’s agricultural production, has practical significances. Whether the problems of womenleft in rural areas can be properly solved, will be directly related to the stability and harmony ofrural community and it will have a major impact on rural economic and social development. It hasbecome an important issue that needed great attention in the process of constructing new socialistcountryside in China.In this paper, mainly taking methods of literature study, questionnaire and interview, try toconduct a systematic analysis of the basic reasons for the formation of left-behind women’s groupsin rural areas. With the basic personal and family economic status, health and marital status,problems existing in the process of agricultural production, qualitatively and quantitatively analyze the survival situation and the impact on agricultural production of rural women left behind inYaersai town of Heilongjiang province, and explore the influencing factors of the rural left-behindwomen on agricultural production, then propose practical and effective measures and suggestions tosolve the issues of rural remaining wives in Heilongjiang province. The main conclusions are asfollows:The formation of women group left in rural areas mainly due to social reasons and for personalreasons. Social reasons are the limit of urban and rural differentiated social system represented bythe household registration system, as well as the traditional ideological and cultural influence, suchas "patriarchal, men manage things outside and women manage things inside". Personal reasonsinclude remaining wives’ quality and ability, education for their children and economic reasons.The feminization of agriculture has affected the promotion and application of agriculturalmechanization and modernization. The Influential factors on agricultural production are dividedinto the direct factors and indirect factors. What included in the influential direct factors arephysical fitness and ability, educational level and the quality of the labor force, as well as familyresponsibilities and the expansion of social roles, etc. The adoption of new agricultural technologies,access to market information and attitude of agricultural risk aversion are the indirect influentialfactors. The feasible measures are to optimize the women groups left in rural areas in good healthand scientific and cultural qualities, promote mutual assistance and cooperation of the agriculturalproduction organizations for women groups left in rural areas, take professional training inagricultural technology on rural remaining wives, and establish specialized agricultural servicesystem, increase capital investment in agricultural infrastructure, promote the development ofcontract farming and improve the agricultural marketing system. On this basis, break theurban-rural dual system marked by the household registration, devote greater efforts to establish andperfect the social security system in rural areas, encourage and guide local entrepreneurs, at thesame time, reform and regulate the transfer policy of agricultural land and the agricultural insurancesystem, in order to enhance the condition of productive labor and living, as well as promote thesustainable development of China’s agricultural production.