Limonoids From Seeds Of An Indian True Mangrove Plant,Xylocarpus Granatum

Xylocarpus granatum J. Konig., an evergreen true mangrove arbor, belongs to the genus Xylocarpus (family:Maliaceae). It grows in tropical coastal forest of Africa, Southeast Asia, Madagascar, Fiji et al. There are no such species in China. The bark, fruits and roots of X. granatum are used against fever, inflammation, and swelling. They are effective for treatment of malaria and gastrointestinal disorders.Limonoids are main chemical constituents of the Xylocarpus plants. To date,194compounds, including147limonoids, have been reported from plants of the genus. Limonoids, which are usually oxidized triterpene derivatives from a4,4,8-trimethyl-17-furanylsteroid skeleton, have various bioactvities, such as antifeedant, insecticidal, antibacterial, antimalarial and antitumor. In order to investigate limonoids of the Xylocarpus plants and seek for insecticidal leading compounds, this thesis focuses on the isolation and identification of limonoids from seeds of Indian Xylocarpus plants(Xylocarpus granatum).Seeds of X. granatum were extracted with ethanol, followed by suspension in water and extraction with EtOAc. Seventeen limonoids were isolated by various chromatographies (including TLC, silica gel CC, RP-C18CC, HPLC). Their structures and relative configurations were determined by modern spectroscopic techniques (NMR, UV, IR, CD, MS). Including granatumin H (Y-1), granatumin I (Y-2), granatumin J (Y-3), granatumin K (Y-4), febrifugin (Y-5),3β-acetoxy-6-deoxy-swietenine (Y-6), angustidienolide (Y-7), tigloylseneganolide A (Y-8), mexicanolide (Y-9), fissinolide (Y-10), angustinolide (Y-11), methyl angolensate (Y-12),3β-acetoxy-1-oxomeliacate (Y-13), godavarin A (Y-14),7-oxogedunin (Y-15), gedunin (Y-16) amd20,21,22,23-tetrahydro-23-oxoazadirone (Y-17). Among the above compounds, Y-1, Y-2, Y-3, Y-4are new compounds, and nine compounds (Y-1-Y-4, Y-8, Y-10, Y-11, Y-13,Y-17) are reported from this genus for the first time. These results would benefit the future research on limonoids of this mangrove plant.