| Background:Needlestick injuries (NSI) not only do great physical and mental harm to health care workers, but also lead to economic losses and turnover of human resources. Nurses are at higher risk of NSI. A review of literature demonstrated that NSI rates remain high in China, but the influencing factors are not well identified.Objectives:The purposes of this study were to describe the prevalence and characteristics of NSI among nurses working in the wards in tertiary general hospitals in Beijing and to identify the influencing factors.Methods:A descriptive study was used. One thousand one hundred twenty-six nurses in8tertiary general hospitals were recruited using the multi-stage sampling. A self-administered questionnaire about NSI was used to collect the data. The demographic questionnaire, knowledge, attitude and practice toward NSI, perception of risk, hospital safety climate scale and the ward organizational factors questionnaire were administered to explore the influencing factors.Results:1. One thousand and twelve valid questionnaires were returned.60.5%of nurses reported one or more NSI in the past year. Of these,95.1%of nurses reported one or more clean NSI, while57.0%reported one or more contaminated NSI.2. A total of884NSI including563clean NSI and321contaminated NSI were collected.①81.9%of clean NSI occured on day-shift, while74.1%of contaminated NSI happened on day-shift.②By location,81.0%of clean NSI occurred in the therapeutic room, while62.0%of contaminated NSI occurred in the patient room.③49.9%of clean NSI occurred in the process of medication preparation, followed by drawing the needle cap (17.1%) and recapping (14.9%), while for contaminated NSI,33.6%occurred in the process of improper disposal, followed by recapping (16.5%) and withdrawing needles (14.0%).④Disposable syringes were involved in the majority of NSI, accounting for89.2%of clean NSI, and30.5%of the contaminated NSI, followed by winged steel needles.⑤The most injuried part of the body was hand accounting for98.6%of NSI.⑥94.0%of the injuries caused bleeding.⑦90.7%of nurses were not wearing gloves at the time of the injury.⑧74.7%of injuried parts were properly handled.⑨90.7%of reported contaminated needles were used on patients. Of those,17.1%of the patients were HBV, HCV or syphilis carriers, while30.9%of the patients were not identified or the patients’ infection status were unknown.⑩Only3.5%of NSI were reported officially to management and2.9%of nurses checked for HBV, HCV and HIV at the time of the injury, and1.9%of nurses completed the follow-up.3. Logistic regression indicated that age, safe practice, perception of risk contributed to NSI, and the multiple linear regression indicated that NSI rates were higher in the wards where intravenous catheters were used more than winged steel needles and explained10.8%of the variance.Conclusion:1. NSI was still a significant problem among nurses working in the wards in tertiary general hospitals in Beijng, and NSI rate is much higher than that in developed countries.2. NSI occured mainly on day-shift. By location, most clean NSI occurred in the therapeutic room, while more than half contaminated NSI occurred in the patient room. Most clean NSI occured during medication preparation, followed by drawing the needle cap and recapping; while most contaminated NSI occured during improper disposal, recapping and withdrawing needles. Disposable syringes were involved in the majority of NSI. The most injured part of the body was hand and most injuries caused bleeding. However, most nurses were not wearing gloves at the time of the injury, and a number of injured parts were not properly handled and source patients were not identified or the source patients’ infection status were unknown. The rate of testing for HBV, HCV and HIV at the time of the injury, reporting and follow-up were extremely low.3. Age, practice toward NSI, perception of risk and transfusion device were influencing factors for NSI. |
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