2009～2011Monitoring And Analysis Of Water In Changsha County, Hunan Province

Objective:The quality of water is always a key factor to health of residents. It can be a best way to ensure people’s health and the life quality by protecting the source of water. And it also can bring great benefits to the harmonious development of economics and communities. To investigate and analysis the quality of water, the main failed specifications and the passed rate of all the towns in2009-2011, it can be useful for assessing the achievement of protecting the water. In order to improve the quality of water and ensure the heath of residents, it can be a good reference for making scientific and efficient improvements.Methods:Selected water supply points in Changsha County including830monitoring points and2101monitoring water samples among20towns by the way of random cluster sampling. All the water samples are including1532tap water samples,530source water samples and39sold water samples. The criterions of water collection and preservation are GB/T5750.2-2006and GB/T14581-93, in all supply points test1time in dry season and2times in wet period. The samples are testing30indicators including the sensory traits and general chemical indicators, the toxicology indicators, and the microbial indicators. The criterions of water testing are GB/T5750-2006, GB/T8538-2008and GB/T5009-2003. The criterions of water evaluation are GB/T5749-2006. Use SPSS19.0for data statistics and analysis, statistical inference using chi-square test and statistical description using various statistical indicators. Meanwhile the strict quality control put in all link like the project design, personnel training, field monitoring, lab monitoring and data inputting, statistics, ect.Results:2101water samples were collected,1683samples of2101 passed tests, the rate is77.96%, in2009479samples of689passed tests, the rate is69.52%; in2010508samples of666passed tests, the rate is76.28%; in2011651samples of746passed tests, the rate is87.27%. There is significant difference (p<0.05) among different years, the passed rate in2011is highest.87of98secondary water supply samples passed tests, the rate is88.78%;508of555direct drink water samples passed tests, the rate is91.53%;233of266factory water samples passed tests, the rate is87.59%;560of613peripheral water samples passed tests, the rate is91.35%;34of39sold water samples passed tests, the rate is87.18%;75of92source water samples passed tests, the rate is81.52%;92of410well water samples passed tests, the rate is22.44%;27of28other water samples passed tests, the rate is96.43%. There is significant difference (p<0.05) among different water, well water samples passed rate is lowest.813water samples were collected,706samples of813passed tests in dry season, the rate is86.84%and1288water samples were collected,932samples of1288passed tests in wet period, the rate is72.36%. There is significant difference (p<0.05) between dry season and wet period, and the rate in dry season is better than it in the wet period. The main indicators of failure among3years are thermotolerant coliforms, total coliforms and total numbers of colony. The sensory traits and general chemical indicators pass rate is99.15%, the toxicology indicators pass rate is99.85%, the microbial indicators pass rate is95.38%. There is significant difference(p<0.05), and microbial indicator pass rate is obvious worse than others. Water samples passed rate in the town of Xingsha is worst among other towns, the passed rate is76.11%,63.80%,60.00%.Conclusions:The water sample passed rate is increasing year by year in Changsha County, indicating that the work of improving the quality of water gets some achievements. The passed rate of well water is less than other kinds of water, and the main indicators of failure are thermotolerant coliforms, total coliforms and total numbers of colony, indicating that the organic pollution has big influence on the quality of water, it has to protect the drinking water of farmers, strengthen the well water disinfection and procession work. The water passed rate in dry season is better than that in the wet period, so it has to stress the water procession in wet period. The water sample passed rate is less than other towns, indicating that the quality of water has to make disinfection and routine management, and stress to supervise and punish the pollution of enterprise in Xingsha.