The Research And Development Of An Occluder Device Serviced For Thoracic-Wall Defect In Trauma Emergency

【Background】With the development of the social civilization and the expansion ofpeople’s activities scope, work-related injuries, accidents are increased.And the occurrence rate of chest trauma showed a rising trend.Advancedweapons in modern war also caused the frequent incidence of chestinjuries for combatants or non-combat people. The chest wall defect is themost difficult to treat.The injured chest wall is difficult to close intime.the traditional gauze pad is difficult to on effect.As an openpneumothorax, the lung was pressed under atmospheric pressure andcannot breathes normally,even to deadth. Traditional measures of first aidkits immediately with large or thick gauze pad tightly wound closurebandage, pressure bandage large defect to correct abnormal breathing.Blood transfusion, infusion, given broad-spectrum antibiotics, to begeneral condition improved, which should line debridement. However,traditional methods can not in time for the injury caused by the blood ofpneumothorax in time, victims are often the way in the evacuation of theblood, the effects of gas on the respiratory deaths. To solve this problem, Ideveloped chest wall defect occluder for emergency treatment. Injuryoccurred in the equipment affixed to the first wound, closed an openwound, while its connected to the drainage pipe, drainage of pleural drainage may be blood in bottles, the gas discharge excess pleural cavity,injuries of different degrees of ease, improve breathing, also equippedwith three occluder adjustable snap straps, can guarantee thetransportation of the wounded on the way occluder will not fall off. Inanimal models through the application of the relative ratio of the controlgroup, after all the physiological indicators of good recovery in theapplication, the more satisfied. In addition the product is made of silicone,has a certain elasticity, hardness, and flexibility, good compatibility withhuman tissue, non-adverse stimulus, the medical adhesive glue, non-toxicno side effects. The advantage of low cost, can be put into clinical orequipment, a large number of troops, is expected to significantly improvethe open chest injury rate of pre-hospital treatment.【Objective】First, the selection of appropriate materials should adjust the chestwall reconstruction biomechanical stability.Second, to get the effective datas of chest wall defect occluder forclinical application and equipment among troops.【Contents and methods】First, design, material selection and preparation of the thoracic-wall defect occluder.The design requirements of the thoracic-wall defect occluder: tocover the wound,close the open wounds and drainage the blood and gas inthe pleural cavity. Removable drainage device, without affecting thehandling. Occluder to be lightweight and simple, low cost, can beequipped with a large number of communities and units.Second, the biological evaluation of constituent materials of thethoracic-wall defect occluderIn accordance with the standards and requirements of biologicalmaterials in ISO10993-1998and GB/T16886-2001,do experimentalresearch on biocompatibility and safety of the thoracic-wall material,including skin irritation test, acute systemic toxicity test, hemolysis test,heat test.Third, The animal applications of the thoracic-wall defect occluderGet the thoracic-wall defect model in dogs, paste the occluder to thesurrounding skin of the open wound., change the open wound as thewound closed, while its connected to the drainage pipe, drainage ofpleural drainage bottles may be hemorrhage, pleural discharge excess gasinjuries of different degrees of ease, improve breathing, while occluder isequipped with three adjustable snap strap, wear dark button closure devicecan guarantee will not fall off on his way to transport the wounded. Before and after closure by continuous measurement of the dynamic model of thebody temperature, respiration, heart rate, blood pressure, pulse oxygensaturation of the five vital signs to determine where the actualeffectiveness of occluder for the practical application of chest wall closuredevice to provide valuable experimental basis.【Results】Compared with the control group the result was satisfactory. Allexperimental animals survived more than6hours.There was no chest wallcollapse,no abnormal breathing or no further pneumothorax.All the vitalsigns were stable.【Discussed】Experimental data is accurate and sure.silicone occluder system isused in case of emergency outside the hospital in the first time.Theapplication of the equipment affixed to the wound, closed the open woundcan effectively alleviate the injury.The wound after the initial disposalwill ensure that vital signs were stable,which can save great much time foremergency treatment in the evacuation hospital. By the application onanimal models, the results were satisfactory. Occluder is light weight,softand fit with the shape of the chest wall.tensile pull, no leaks, leakage, local skin under adhesive and non-allergic inflammatory reactions.Thematerials of the equipment is no obvious cytotoxicity, no sensitizationreaction,and the material extracts did not cause hemolytic reaction andacute systemic toxicity.So it has a good bio-compatibility and security.What’s more,the cost of the product is not very high.If we get it into thelarge scale production and use,the rate of the pre-hospital treatment withthe open chest injury was expected to be improved significantly.