Study On The Risk Factors And Coronary Lesion Features In Patients With Premature Coronary Artery Disease

Objective:This study aimed to investigate the risk factors and coronary lesion features in patients with premature coronary artery disease (PCAD), and provide the evidence for prevention of the PCAD.Methods: We enrolled patients with PCAD hospitalised in second affiliated hospital of zhejiang university from2009.2-2012.2. The non-PCAD patients and non-CAD patients hospitalised in the same center during the same period served as control groups. We collected the clinical data and the results of coronary angiography and performed statistical analysis on the coronary lesion features and risk factors in PCAD patients, non-PCAD patients and non-CAD patients.Results: Compared with the non-CAD control group, there was significant higher in proportion of male (57.7%vs.41.6%,P=0.014), hypertension (49.7%vs.31.5%, P=0.005), diabetes mellitus(17.4%vs.7.9%, P=0.037), smoking (38.9%vs.7.88%, P=0.000), drinking (19.2%vs.6.82%, P=0.007), CAD family history (20.6%vs.10.1%, P=0.046), and increased TG [(2.13±1.22) mmol/L vs.(1.78±0.87) mmol/L, P=0.025], Fbg [(2.83±0.96) g/L vs.(2.30±0.66) g/L, P=0.000], and decreased ApoAl levels [(1.18±0.16) g/L vs.(1.27±0.30) g/L, P=0.026], and more the number of risk factors in the PCAD group. The logistic regression results: The major risk factors of PCAD were smoking (OR=28.654,95%CI5.887～139.458, P=0.000), CAD family history (OR=14.441,95%CI3.095～67.373, P=0.001), hypertension (OR=2.470,95%CI1.098～5.560, P=0.029). Compared with the non-PCAD group, there were significantly more PCAD patients with myocardial infarction (44.6%VS26.7%, P=0.001), single vessel lession (29.2%VS11.3%, P=0.000), and less BMI (24.27±3.13VS23.44±3.11, P=0.038), TG (2.13±1.22VS1.74±0.93, P=0.007).Conclusion:The study suggests that smoking, CAD family history, and hypertension were major risk factors of PCAD. The above results suggest that genetic factors plays an important role in the process of PCAD. The proportion of single vessel lession and myocardial infarction was significant higher in the PCAD group patients..