The Effect Of Complex Biomembranes In Repairing Periodontal Tissue Defect

Objective: Periodontitis can cause teeth support organization damage, is themain reason of teeth lost. The ideal therapy is to eliminate periodontal localinflammation, prevent disease process, promote periodontal tissue regeneration,and rebuild periodontal tissue physiological structure and function. How toachieve the ideal periodontal therapy effect has been the problem of clinicaltreatment, also is the hot spot of basic research. In recent years, tissueengineering in the study of periodontal therapy offer new ideas for realizing theideal effect.Tissue engineering research includes three aspects: the seed cells, scaffoldmaterials and growth factors. This study mainly choose periodontal ligamentcells (PDLCs), collagen (Co), poly lactic acid/gather hydroxy-acetic acidcpolymers (PLGA) and platelet-rich plasma (PRP). The basic of periodontaltissue regeneration is PDLCs, but gingival epithelium grows the fastest, andinterferes the formation of new attachment by forming the long combinedepithelium. Guided tissue regeneration (GTR) is the commonly used surgicaltreatment method for clinical of periodontal tissue regeneration, using themembranous material during healing, and providing a certain space, guidingPDLCs priority to occupy root surface, and to form the periodontal tissueregeneration. The key of GTR is the membranous material. PLGA and Co havegood biocompatibility, are often referred to as a scaffold materials used in theGTR. PRP contains a lot of platelet growth factor, which can effectivelypromote periodontal tissue regeneration.Methods: Synthesized PLGA membrane of0.5mm thickness, cut it into pieces of5mm×2mm, and compounded human PDLCs in PLGA in vitro for3days,The thickness of0.30-0.69mm Co film was cut into7mm x4mm, coveringthe surface defect. Extracted10ml rat’s whole blood to make PRP. Chose60Wistar adult male rats of6-8weeks,160g-180g weight. Randomly dividedthem into5groups, making mandible alveolar bone defect model, Group A wascontrol, Group B was PLGA+Co, Group C was PLGA+PRP+Co, Group D wasPLGA+PDLCs+Co, and Group E was PLGA+PDLCs+PRP+Co. Put4rats ofeach group to death at the point of the2rd,4th and6th week after operation,H-E dyed, observed the repairing effect of periodontal tissue defect.Results: The qualities of new bone formation of group B, C, D and E weremore than group A, which had statistical significance; group E had morequality of new bone formation than group C and D, the qualities of new boneformation of group C and D were better than group B, which also had astatistics meaning; comparison between group C and D has no statisticallysignificant.Conclusions:1、The pore size PLGA which was made in the first part of thisexperiment had suitable high porosity and good mechanical properties.2、PLGA is ideal for periodontal tissue engineering scaffolds with its excellentbiocompatibility and cytotoxicity.3、 PLGA+PDLCs+PRP+Co ComplexBiomembranes played significant role in promoting periodontal tissue growth.