A Systematic Review Of The Clinical Pathology And Prognostic Factors Of The Osteosarcoma Located In The Maxillofacial Region

Objective:Osteosarcoma is a rare and poor prognosis of malignant tumors. And as a special type of osteosarcoma, osteosarcoma in the maxillofacial region accounts for less than ten percent of all osteosarcoma. Because of the low incident, the osteosarcoma of the jaw was mainly present in the form of clinical case report. To provide valuable information of the diagnosis and treatment on the osteosarcoma in the maxillofacial region, the analysis on the clinical and pathological features and prognostic factors were analyzed.Methods:The literature on the osteosarcoma in maxillofacial region published since the1950s was searched and recollected for statistical analysis according to different points which the literature focused on.Results:A total of44Chinese and foreign literature was reviewed, including1486cases. The data showed that the ratio of male to female was1.3:1and the average age of the patients was33.6years. The analysis also showed that a higher incidence occurred in mandible than other locations. The osteoblastic type of osteosarcoma was a little more than the chondroblastic type, and far more than the fibroblastic type. The low differentiated osteosarcoma accounted for more than fifty percent. The five-year survival rate of metastasis or recurrence group patients was significantly lower than the patients with no metastasis or recurrence. The survival rate of elderly patients was significantly lower than younger patients. The patients with the osteoblastic type had poor prognosis, however there was no statistical difference among the pathological types. The five-year survival rate of patients receiving the non-surgical treatment was significantly lower than the surgery or surgery combined with other treatments, but there was no significant difference among the patients who received adjuvant therapy or not.Conclusion:The osteosarcoma in maxillofacial region occurs mainly in man like the condition of long-bone osteosarcoma. The Incidence of osteosarcoma of the jaw is a decade later than long bone osteosarcoma. The prognosis of osteosarcoma of the jaw in patients with recurrence or metastasis will be significantly worse, moreover the osteoblastic type osteosarcoma may have a poorer prognosis. The radical or extended surgery is the most effective treatment for the osteosarcoma and the efficacy of adjuvant radiotherapy or chemotherapy has not yet demonstrated.