Small Ultra Wideband Antennas For Early Breast Cancer Detection

Breast cancer is one of the sarcomata diseases which are harmful to the health of women, the numbers of sufferer is rising rapidly, the diagnosis of breast tumor at its early stage will have great Practical significance to improve the livability of Patients and reduce its mortality. The traditional technologies of breast cancer detection such as CT( Competed Tomography)、Mammography、MRI(Magnetic Resonance Imaging)、NIR(Near Infrared)、Ultra sound Imaging have their limitation in some case, compared with them, ultra-wideband (UWB) microwave imaging has obvious advantages such as comfortable、safe、high positioning accurate and imaging resolution for early breast cancer detection, it has becoming a highlight of medical imaging science all over the world.UWB antenna is the key component of microwave imaging system; its property has a significant impact on detection result, the antenna transmit excitation signal into breast tissue and receive the scattering signal in the detection system, a qualified antenna should has compact size and large bandwidth, therefore, research on the UWB antenna has very important significance. In this dissertation, the techniques to reduce size of antenna and requirements on antenna for microwave imaging system are summarized, several small UWB antennas which can be applied in microwave imaging detection system is proposed, simulation for detection of a tumor in the breast module is carried out in order to verify the proposed antenna .In the first chapter of this dissertation, history and basic parameter of UWB technique、methods to detect breast cancer are briefly introduced. The main content of chapter II describes basic theory of UWB antenna、main electromagnetic simulation software. The compact techniques of microstrip antenna and requirements of antenna for breast cancer detection are summarized in chapter III, than the author proposed two novel compact UWB antennas which can be applied in breast cancer detection system. Chapter IV introduces the Electromagnetic properties of breast tissue, then simulation for detection of a tumor in the breast model is carried out by simulation software CST, in the end of this part, confocal imaging algorithm for the simulation model is also developed, Imaging results based on the simulation show the feasibility of our antenna in the detection of an assumed 6 mm early stage tumor. In the end of this dissertation, a summary of the whole dissertation is given, and future research topics are suggested.