Comparisons Of Meat Quality Characteirstics And The Expressions Of H-FABP Gene Of Three Chicken Breeds

This research was conducted to comparison of chest meat quality characteristicsand the expressions of H-FABP gene of three chicken breeds by the single factordesign program.900one-day chickens with the same incubation, similar weight,healthy were divided into three groups, group I was Luhua,group II was SanHuangand group III was Qingjiao Ma. There were300chickens in each group with threereplicates. The trial period was110days. The production performance, slaughterperformance and meat quality traits, nutrients, and histological characteristics werecompared after the end of the feeding trial. On this basis, real-time RT-PCR was usedto detect H-FABP gene expression levels in the pectoral muscle tissue. Study on theinfluence of the expression of H-FABP on muscle quality and fat metabolism of thechicken body. The results of the test as follows:1. The production performance: The growth rate, final weight and survival rate ofthe three high-qualitly broilers has improved greatly than previously reported afterfeeding in northern climates. The final weight of Qingjiao Ma was higher than Luhuaand SanHuang by23.42%,31.38%(p <0.05). The average daily gain of Qingjiao Mawas than Luhua and SanHuang by18.7%,19.8%respectively, which showed asignificant difference. Qingjiao Ma with best performance in the full trial period,followed by Luhua, SanHuang.2. The slaughter performance: The half-eviscerated weight of Qingjiao Ma was84.13%, which was significantly higher than Luhua and San Huang (p<0.05). Thechest and leg muscle percentage of Luhua was higher than San Huang, Qingjiao Maby0.33%,1.25%,4.52%,1.29%separately,but lower than San Huang,Qingjiao Maon abdominal fat rate and thick leather fat by1.92%,2.08%,24.3%,23.1%separately,but there were no significant differences.3. Nutrients: Moisture content in San Huang pectoral muscle was higher thanLuhua and Qingjiao Ma by0.16%,0.21%respectively, but the difference was notsignificant. Crude fat content in Qingjiao Ma pectoral was significant higher than Beifang Huang by33.85%(p <0.05), higher than Luhua by16%(p>0.05). Crudeprotein content of Qingjiao Ma was higher than Luhua and Beifang Huang by0.16%,0.21%, but the difference was not significant (p>0.05).The difference of total aminoacid in three high-quality broiler breast muscle was not significant (p>0.05). leucine,lysine content in Qingjiao Ma was significantly higher than Luhua, Beifang Huang by6.08%,1.59%,6.42%,2.05%respectively (p <0.05). There was no significantdifference found in other amino acid content (p>0.05).4. The meat quality traits: The muscle incarnadine of Qingjiao Ma was higherthan Luhua and Beifang Huang by8.18%、9.25%(p<0.05),there was no significantdifference between Luhua and Beifang Huang,but the muscle incarnadine of the threegroups were all normal. There was no significantly difference among three groups onpH.The shear force of Qingjiao Ma was significantly higher than Luhua and SanHuang by9.12%,8.67%(p<0.05), there was no difference between Luhua and SanHuang (p>0.05). The drop water loss of Qingjiao Ma was lower than Luhua and SanHuang by24.50%、16.67%, The drop water loss of Luhua was higher than San Huangby24.53%(p>0.05).The muscle fiber diameter of San Huang was significantly higherthan Luhua,Qingjiao Ma by11.44%,13.71%respectively,(p <0.05), while San Huangmuscle fiber density was significantly higher than Luhua San Huang by15.49%,20.12%(p <0.05).5. Relationship of histological features and some meat quality indicators of musclefiber: Muscle fiber diameter and muscle fiber density was negatively correlated. Anegative correlation was found between the pH and the muscle fiber diameter of threegroups. There was a positive correlation between the muscle fiber diameter and shearstress (r=0.873), There was a positive correlation between the muscle fiber diameterand the muscle incarnadine of Luhua, San Huang,but A negative correlation wasfound between the muscle fiber diameter and the muscle incarnadine of QingjiaoMa.Muscle fiber density was positively correlated with the pH of the three groups, Anegative correlation was found between Muscle fiber density and shear force（r=-0.864）. There was a positive correlation between the muscle fiber diameter andthe muscle incarnadine of San Huang,Qingjiao Ma,but a negative correlation wasfound between the muscle fiber diameter and the muscle incarnadine of Luhua. 6. H-FABP gene expression: There was a significant difference about theexpression level of H-FABP gene in three high-quality broiler breast muscle. H-FABPgene expression levels in Qingjiao Ma breast muscle significantly lower than Luhuaand San Huang by174.80%170.07%(p <0.05), but there was no significantdifference between Luhua and Qingjiao Ma (p>0.05).7. Relationship of the level of H-FABP gene expression and fat content: the levelof H-FABP gene expression was negatively correlated with fat content.Conclusion: Qingjiao Ma has the best production performance. The slaughterperformanceof three groups were all well. The meat appearance of Qingjiao Ma wasbetter than Luhua and San Huang, but not as good as in the muscle tenderness in thelatter. H-FABP gene expression was detected in the three quality broiler breast muscle,which was consistent with previous reports. The H-FABP gene expression level inQingjiao Ma breast muscle was significantly less than Luhua and BeifangHuang,H-FABP gene expression levels showed significant species differences,thereshowed negative correlation between the expression and fat content.