Effects Of Density、 Straw Returning And Fertilization On Yield Of Wheat Liaomai19and The Establishment Of High Yield Model

The effects of straw returned to soil, controlled/slow release fertilizer, planting density, basal andtop dressed urea on wheat yield of cultivar Liaomai19were studied in2009-2011, by an orthogonalrotational regression combination design of five factors and five levels. Using the field trial data, aregression model of various factors on wheat yield was set up. The significant test, principal factoranalysis and factor analysis of the yield index and the model were conducted. The results were asfollows. By the single factor analysis, the effects of planting density and basal urea, out of the5factorsin the field experiment, on wheat yield of Liaomai19were significant. Three factors, planting density,straw returned to soil, controlled/slow release fertilizer, affected the1000-grain weight remarkably. Theeffects of controlled/slow release fertilizer and top dressed urea on the wheat grain number per spike,and planting density and basal urea on spike number were evidently. Moreover, planting density,controlled/slow release fertilizer and top dressed urea to test weight, straw returning to grain quality, hadclear effects simultaneously.The interaction analysis of significant level of5factors indicated the prominent interaction asfollows: planting density and top dressed urea on yield; planting density and controlled/slow releasefertilizer, controlled/slow release fertilizer and basal urea, controlled/slow release fertilizer and topdressed urea on1000-grain weight. To grain number per spike, the significant effects came frominteractions between planting density and straw returned to soil, planting density and controlled/slowrelease fertilizer, planting density and straw returned to soil, planting density and controlled/slowrelease fertilizer, planting density and top dressed urea, straw returned to soil and top dressed urea,basal urea and top dressed urea, etc. The significant interaction for spike number were straw returned tosoil and top dressed urea. Furthermore, the significant interaction for test weight were planting densityand basal urea, planting density and top dressed urea, controlled/slow release fertilizer and basal urea.Four significant factors on the grain yield of Liaomai19were detected through the regressionmodel test. They were planting density, straw returned to soil, basal urea and top dressed urea. From theregression model, an optimum factor combination was discovered: X₁=1, X₂=0, X₃=1, X₄=0, X₅=0.That is planting density180000seedlings, straw returning to soil300kg, basal controlled/slow releasefertilizer60kg, basal urea10kg and top dressed urea20kg per667m2, respectively.