Studies On Dormancy Mechanism And Germinating Conditions Of Two Kinds Of Vicia Villosa Seeds

Seed of Red flower vicia villosa and Purple vicia villosa which have highpotential market value and production value were studied to determine their dormancyand germination physiology. The study contents included two kinds of vicia villosaseeds’ biology characteristics（seed morphology, diameter, moisture content, viability,the rate of seed rigidity and thousand seed weight）, the theory of the seeds’dormancy（water absorption, the effect of leach liquor of seed coat or embryo bycarbinol or water on germination percentage,height of seedling and root length ofChinese cabbage）， seeds’ dormancy breaking and improve germination ratemethods（mechanical treatment, concentrated sulfuric acid treatment, NaOH treatment,GA treatment, H₂O₂treatment, high and low temperature stratification treatment）, theseedling growth of all kinds of treatedseeds（concentrated sulfuric acid treatment,NaOH treatment, GA treatment）. The conclusion were as follows:1. Seed of Red flower vicia villosa is sphere, green brown, arebesquitic. Itsdiameter is2.53mm, moisture content is4.93%, viability is95%, the rate of seedrigidity is65%, thousand seed weight is16.45g on average. Seed of Purple flowervicia villosa is sphere, black brown, no arebesquitic. Its diameter is2.75mm, moisturecontent is9.08%, viability is99%, the rate of seed rigidity is17%, thousand seedweight is18.65g on average.2. The method of mechanical treatment （Striping the coat, Cutting the coat） canimprove water absorption and germination percentage observably. This show that theprimary cause of Red flower vicia villosa seed dormancy and inhibiting Purple flowervicia villosa seed germination is the seed coat constraining the seed germination.3. Determining the effect of leach liquor of seed coat or embryo by carbinol orwater on germination percentage,height of seedling and root length of Chinesecabbage, show that germination inhibitor exist in seed coat and embryo of two kindsof vicia villosa, and the germination inhibitor exsiting in embryo is more thangermination inhibitor exsiting in seed coat, and the germination inhibitor is one of thecause of Red flower vicia villosa seed dormancy and inhibiting Purple flower viciavillosa seed germination.4. The experiment of breaking of dormancy, improve germination rate and theeffect of seedling growth show that: the effect of mechanical treatment is best, Redflower vicia villosa seeds’ germination percentage is the highest, reach up to94.00%,germination potential is up to92.00%, germination index is up to25.84; Purple flowervicia villosa seeds’ germination percentage is the highest, reach up to98.67%,germination potential is up to98.67%, germination index is up to22.91. The methodis infeasible because mechanical treatment is technically demanding in practicalproduction. For sulfuric acid treatment, it is best to soak the Red flower vicia villosaseed in sulfuric acid of the concentration of98%for60minutes, and the germinationpotential is up to77.33%, the germination rate is up to86.00%, the germination indexis up to42.55. And there is no harmful effect on the seedling growth. So this is themost effective method to break Red flower vicia villosa seeds’ dormancy. For NaOHtreatment, it is best to soak the Purple flower vicia villosa seed in NaOH of the concentration of30%for40minutes, and the germination potential is up to95.33%,the germination rate is up to96.00%, the germination index is up to21.00. But thistreatment reduced the fresh weight of seedling, and it lower than CK significantly. Sothe method is infeasible. For GA treatment, it is best to soak the Purple flower viciavillosa seed in GA of the concentration of200mg/L for24hours, and the germinationpotential is up to98.00%, the germination rate is up to98.00%, the germination indexis up to46.65. And there is no harmful effect on the seedling growth. So this is themost effective method to improve Purple flower vicia villosa seeds’ germinationpercentage.