Synchronization Control Of Somatic Embryogenesis In Acanthopanax Senticosus

Acathopanax senticosus is the Araliaceae deciduous shrub, which is a traditional medicinal plant. The quantity of Acathopanax senticosus was sharply decreased due to the immoderate pieking so that it has been entered into the proteetive plant in recent years. Plant somatic embryogenesis is regarded as the best model for the study of plant embryonic development mechanism. It is great significant to research Acanthopanax somatic embryogenesis and development for clarifying the mechanism of Araliaceae development, the rapid propagation of woody plants and the basic theory of artificial seeds.In this experiment, Acanthopanax senticosus seedlings are selected as explants. Through the induction of callus, we obtain Acanthopanax somatic embryos and regenerated plants indirectly and transplanted successfully. And using the acquired somatic embryogenesis to study the Acanthopanax senticosus synchronization control technology, cytological observation and detect the content of soluble sugars and soluble proteins.The main results are as follows:1leaf is the optimal explant for inducting callus of Acanthopanax senticosus, induction rates are93.5%.2The basic midium supplemented with1.5mg/L2.4-D is suitable for callus production and the highest inducion rate is66.7%. The callus were cultured in medium which is lacing in water and nutrients for70days and the best induction rate of embryogenic callus is53.3%and the growth is the greatest. In the condition of1000Lx, embryonic callus generation is most likely to happen. This shows that the most suitable conditions for Acanthopanax senticosus to cultivate callus is in the1000Lx.32,4-D has the stage effect for somatic embryos induction. In the phase of embryogenic callus induction, it is promotive and in the phase of somatic embryogenesis, it is disincentive. The solid culture and the liquid culture were used to study the impact of inducing Acanthopanax senticosus somatic embryogenesis. We found that the suspension culture is in favor of somatic embryogenesis induction, but not conducive to excessive heart-shaped embryos to cotyledonary embryo. In this experiment, we also studied the impact of medium carbon source for somatic embryogenesis induction. During the Acanthopanax senticosus somatic embryos induction, we founded that induced effect of mixture of glucose and sucrose is better than when they used alone.4Regenerated plantlets that obtained through the pathway of somatic embryogenesis, its germination rate of somatic embryos is93%and the transplanted survival rate is86%.5Histological observations showed that buds mostly formed on the surface of the callus, and somatic embryogenesis is similar to the process of zygotic embryogenesis, origin from single-cell. After the early young pro-embryo, globular embryo, heart-shaped embryo, torpedo-shaped embryo and cotyledonary embryo, mature embryos in turn, a cell would develop into a whole plant ultimately, and it can be induced from internal callus and originated single cell.6Using suspension culture combined with sifting method to make the initial cell population homogeneous, thereby enabling somatic embryogenesis simultaneously. This can effectively control the synchronization of the spherical embryo and mature embryo, and the rates are94%、73%, respectively. While the best synchronization rates of torpedo-shaped embryo and cotyledonary embryo, and they are42%and57%. Synchronization effect of the heart-shaped embryo is the worst. It is related to the various periods of somatic embryo size, shape and growth rate. When low temperature treatment restored to normal temperature, the cells could be synchronized division and it would improve the degree of synchronization of somatic embryo development. In the low temperature treatment2d, the number of torpedo-shaped embryos was significantly higher than the number of other somatic embryos and the torpedo-shaped embryos synchronization rate was39.34%, the effect is obvious. This shows that low temperature certainly has some synchronization effect for somatic embryos. In this study, DNA inhibitors made the heart-shaped embryo synchronization rate reach to30.52%, however, there were a large number of deformed embryos. The synchronization of the Acanthopanax embryogenesis is influenced by many factors. If we want to achieve better synchronization regulation, the further investigation is much in need.7Mature embryo germination synchronization rates is highest in the MS medium with50g/L sucrose, synchronization rate is99.7%.8.In the medium which lack of inositol, the growth of cultures in good condition, the germination of mature embryos synchronization rate is95.7%,and higher than standard MS medium.9Soluble protein content of the whole process of somatic embryogenesis pathway in Acanthopanax regenerated plants, the two peaks, respectively, in the embryogenic callus stage and mature embryo period. During the development of somatic embryos, the soluble sugar content in the embrygenic callus stage is highest, along with the development of somatic embryos gradually decreased.