The Application Of Deep-litter System For JIUYUAN Black Chicken

To solve the manure pollution problem in breeding industry of JIUYUAN balck chicken, we applied probiotic strains in the deep-litter system, in order to improve the condition, productivity and the quality of intestinal microecology.1. The experimental group’s surface is almost odorless with low humidity. Ferment process has first increased the internal temperature and decreased afterwards. The decreased pH value in the system reduces the evaporation of NH3. In contrast, the odor from the specimen of the control group attracts more flies. The padding turned dark and humid, tending to be rotten. During the whole process, the temperature remains the same level as the room temperature and pH value is always higher than that of experimental group.2. In the fermentation process, most microorganisms appear to be decreasing in volume, yet with different trends. Probiotics almost remain the same level with slight decrease following an increase in the end. and remain higher level than the control group. Harmful bacteria decrease dramatically in volume and lower than the controls group. with total elimination of some bacterium. DGGE DNA profiles show that the variety of microorganism is decreased and the stability is therefore enhanced:the average number of strap decreased from38.7to29.3. Effects of JIUYUAN balck chicken with production performance:Comparing to the control group,the weight increase rate and absolute growth rate of experimental group is comparatively higher and the feed meat ratio is lower;The eviscerated yield of the control group has increased by4.07%on the fifteenth day and5.98%on the thirtieth day:Comparing to the control group, the villus height、crypt depth、ratio of the villus height to the crypt depth and the intestine wall thickness of duodenum is comparatively higher,with insignificant difference (P>0.05) throughout the trial period:The mortality of JIUYUAN balck chicken has fermentation bed technology has largely decreased. The experiments demonstrated that the production performance and slaughter performance can be increased and the mortality can be decreased with the fermentation bed technology,whitch is beneficial to the growth and development of the animal.4. The number of bifidobacterium, bacterioide and anaerobic bacteria in feces samples of JIUYUAN balck chicken with fermentation bed technology has not significant difference(P>0.05) on the fifteenth day,but, the number of lactobacillus, E. coli, enterococcus and anaerobic bacteria has significant difference(P<0.05).The number of E. coli, enterococcus, anaerobic bacteria, lactobacillus, bifidobacterium and bacterioide in feces samples of JIUYUAN balck chicken with fermentation bed technology has significant difference(P>0.05) on the thirtieth day.Thereinto, the number of lactobacillus, bifidobacterium, bacterioide and anaerobic bacteria of experimental group has increased significantly(P>0.05),and,the number of E. coli, enterococcus and anaerobic bacteria has decreased significantly(P<0.05).Health index of intestine(B/E) in experimental group has increased.5. We observed from DGGE DNA profiles that the control group has a greater variety of microorganism than that of experimental group:the average straps are27.6in control experimental group comparing to23.6in group experimental group with significant difference. Meanwhile, the similarity between specimens in experimental group is comparatively higher, with high97%and low87%, where this index between specimens in control group lies in the range of91%to77%, indicating a significant difference between individual specimens in the control group. These results confirmed that the variety of intestinal flora in dairy cows is significantly improved and the variation between individual cows is largely decreased by supplementing micro-ecological preparations in the diet, coupled with deep-litter system technology, which promote the colonization of microorganism in intestinal and improves the stability of flora.