Measurement And Analysis Of Egg Performance And Meat Quality In Ning-du Yellow Chicken

Ning-du Yellow Chicken is the well-known small meat quality local varieties of yellow chicken, with prominent early maturity and excellent meat quality characteristics, but the low reproductive performance. In order to explore the path to improve Ning-du Yellow Chicken’s reproductive performance, in addition to further the systemic breeding, try small hybridization with alien egg supplies breeder, that is Ning-du Yellow Chicken (♂and Isa brown parents on behalf of paternal hen(♂) hybrid, the hens of their offspring with purebred Ning-du Yellow Chicken (♂)backcross repeatedly. This study is to determine the egg and meat quality performance of Ning-du Yellow Chicken’s purebred chickens and hybrid test chickens (F3generation chicken), with which we can master the breeding and meat characteristics of Ning-du Yellow Chicken, laying performance,egg and meat quality differences of Ning-du Yellow Chicken’s purebred chicken and hybrid test chicken, in order to comprehensively assess the effect of hybridization of Ning-du Yellow Chicken, thus providing a theoretical basis to do better protection and make use of Ning-du Yellow Chicken.1. Measurement of open prenatal weight, open production day-old and laying performance in Ning-du Yellow Chicken and Ning-du hybrid chicken116-day-old’s body weight of Ning-du Yellow Chicken and Ning-du hybrid chicken were1416.84±141.82g and1374.65±147.82g, while open production day-old were131.55±8.31days and133.80±11.21days, the differences were not significant(P>0.05).240-day-old egg number of Ning-du Yellow Chicken and Ning-du hybrid chicken were58.32±20.90and69.01±22.58,300-day-old egg number were85.14±21.54and99.86±30.07,500-day-old egg number173.63±41.52and202.93±41.47, the differences are very significant (P<0.01), but later120-day-old egg number were62.08±19.22and62.20±20.31, the difference was not significant (P>0.05)The difference in individual egg number of Ning-du Yellow Chicken and Ning-du hybrid chicken is very large. The maximum and minimum of300days,500days and post-120days in egg number of Ning-du Yellow Chicken and Ning-du hybrid chicken were104and21,141and21,259and56,99and3. Egg number rates at the peak of Ning-du Yellow Chicken and Ning-du hybrid chicken were60.48%and67.28%, respectively, the peak is not high may be due mainly to the very large differences in individual egg numberOpen production age and weight would affect egg number, the age and weight of Ning-du yellow chicken suitable for open production were131days and1382g, but not absolute, egg laying the largest(500days,259) individual’s body weight of a Ning-du Yellow Chicken was at1137g, open production day old to133days.It showed a higher positive correlation between240day-old’s egg number, egg number of300days of age and500-day-old egg number mutually.2. Egg quality determination of before and after two periods of Ning-du Yellow Chicken and Ning-du hybrid chicken.The egg weight, protein ratio and egg yolk ratio in each period of Ning-du hybrid chicken were significantly or very significantly higher than the Ning-du Yellow Chicken. The difference of eggshell thickness in previous period was not significant (P>0.05), while in late period it was extremely significantly (P<0.01). The rest items had no significant difference (P>0.05).The difference of late egg weight and egg yolk ratio was very significantly higher than that of the early (P<0.01), but eggshell and protein became thin, the difference of which were extremely significant (P<0.01).3. Meat performance determination of Ning-du Yellow Chicken and Ning-du hybrid chicken.Select120-day-old, backyard shed3hens of each group of Ning-du Yellow Chicken and Ning-du hybrid chicken as materials. Conventional meat quality, pectoral muscle chemical composition, amino acid content, fatty acid composition and muscle tissue properties were determined. The result is:Relative to Ning-du hybrid chicken, Ning-du Yellow Chicken have small shear force thin muscle fibers and good tenderness; Crude protein, amino acids,8essential amino acids, two kinds of semi-essential amino acids,7kinds of flavor and sweet flavor amino acid content was higher; Lipase composed of rich and essential fatty acids-linoleum acid, linoleum acid unsaturated fatty acids and (C20:1, C20:2, C20:3, C22:1, C22:5, C24:1)so on other unsaturated fatty acid content was also higherOverall, Ning-du Yellow Chicken meat quality is significantly better than Ning-du hybrid chicken. In addition to differences in crude protein content is very significant (P<0.01), the remaining differences are not significant (P>0.05)According to comprehensive analysis on the differences of laying performance, egg quality, and muscle quality between Ning-du Yellow Chicken and Ning-du hybrid chicken, result indicated:Despite Ning-du hybrid chicken contains less Isa chicken kinship which will still be significantly increased egg number and egg weight, but it will also significantly reduce egg yolk proportion, thus changing the Ning-du Yellow Chicken egg quality, and it will significantly affect the quality of muscle.Thus, in order to maintain superior germplasm characteristics of Ning-du Yellow Chicken, we should be cautious in the introduction of high-yielding chicken genes to the species. At the same time, for that there is a big difference in weight, open production day-old and egg number, we should increase breeding within this species and strains of supporting development work.