| Today, it could produce a large number of organic solid waste with the process ofagricultural production, most of these wastes were left unused, however a majority of thesewastes has rich nutrient substance, it was a big waste to these resources if they were not used,it is a better approach to deal with these wastes for composting to the production of substrate.In this study, the fermentation box were used indoor to proceed aerobic compostingexperiment with cow dung, pig manure, and sweet potato straw as raw material and addmicroorganism inoculum. By using different proportions of cow dung and sweet potato straw,pig manure, and sweet potato straw with/without different microorganism inoculum tocompost to produce substrate, the following conclusions:(1) The compost temperature of this study increased rapidly after second day, itexperienced three stages of temperature rising stage, high temperature stage and temperaturedropping stage. The temperature was higher than other treatment when the added amount ofthe straw was1.6kg whatever the process of the compost between pig manure and sweetpotato straw or cow dung and sweet potato straw, and the temperature of the treatment ofadded microorganism inoculum was higher than not added. The temperature of added HMinoculum was higher than added the other two inoculum. The temperature of pig manuretreatment was higher than cow dung, the maximum temperature was also higher then cowdung, the maintain time also longer. So the best treatment was the composting with pigmanure and sweet straw with HM inoculum.(2)Various composting pH increased first and then decreased afterward, the range of pHwas between7.6and9.3, EC increased gradually with the composting process, the range wasbetween1.5ms cm-1and3.2ms cm-1, EC of the compost is less than4ms cm-1, satisfy therequirements of mature compost. The organic matter of various compost decreased gradually,about10%and12%. Total nitrogen firstly decreased and then increased, the lost amount wasno so large, some treatments even had recovered, had better effect to the compost. Totalphosphorus, total potassium, available phosphorus and available potassium increasedgradually.(3)Seed germination index had increasing trend, at the end of the composting, varioustreatment increased80%higher, satisfy the requirement of mature compost. The index withthe added amount1.6kg straw was higher than other straw added amount, except the index without added inoculum between cow dung and straw was87%, other treatment was higherthan90%. The index between pig manure and straw was higher than cow dung, and the indexof the treatment with HM inoculum was higher than added the other two inoculums.(4)The volume weight of substrate suitable for plant growth should among0.1g cm-3and0.3g cm-3, the best amount was about0.5g cm-3. Total porosity suitable for plant growthshould be among60%and90%, reasonable the ratio of gas and water should among1:1.5and1:4. pH among5.5and7, EC among0.5g cm-1and3g cm-1. In summary, the substrate ofeach compost satisfied the requirement of plant growth on the volume weight, total porosityand EC. But pH was not able to satisfy the requirement. So the pH should be changed byadded some chemical matter to use these compost substrate on plant growth. Each index ofthe added amount with1.6kg straw and pig manure with HM inoculum was better than othertreatment. So that treatment could be used on plant growth.As a consequence of the above, the best match was added1.6kg straw and8kg pigmanure or cow dung, added with inoculum was beneficial to the compost process. Especiallythe effect of the compost process with HM inoculum was better than the other two inoculums.So the substrate of1.6kg sweet potato straw and8kg pig manure with HM inoculum cansatisfy the requirement of plant growth than other treatments, after a certain disposal on pH, itcould apply on the production of the substrate and plant growth. |
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