Effects Of Copper-Based Foliar Fertilizer And Controlled Release Nitrogen Fertilizer On Growth Of Peanut And Tomato And Soil Chemical Properties

Controlled release urea (CRNF) release nitrogen (N) slowly in soil, so it can decrease theloss of N and thus improve N use efficiency; CFF (copper-based foliar fertilizer), which was anew kind of refined powder based on the traditional Bordeaux mixture, was added with themicro elements for the growth of crop. In this experiment, peanut and tomato plants weregrown in pots under field condition. CRNF, comparing with common urea, was applied intosoil and plants were sprayed with CFF compared with plants sprayed with Kocide2000(KCD). This research was carried out to determine the influence of CFF on preventing plantdisease and improving crop yield, and at the same time, the interactive effects of CFF andCRNF on plant growth and soil chemical properties were measured. The main results were asfollows.1. The content of soil nitrate nitrogen was higher in common urea treatments than that ofCRNF treatments in the early stage of crop growing season. However, when peanuts wereharvested, the nitrate nitrogen content was increased by4.1%-167.8%in the treatments ofCRNF compared with common urea, and this content was increased by66.5%-158.3%in thelater tomato growing stage. CRNF treatment improved the chlorophyll content of peanutleaves in the later growing stage and increased the plant height of tomato, so the controlledrelease nitrogen fertilizer satisfied the need of nitrogen source in the late growth stage ofcrops.2. The application of CFF increased the content of copper in soil, and thus affected the soilpH and electrical conductivity. After the application of foliar fertilizer for one season, soilavailable Cu content of CFF+Zn (Fe)(CFF with added zinc or iron) treatments were increasedby87.8%-107.4%,166.8%-179.7%, respectively, and total copper content were increased by17.5%-25.6%,33.6%-40.8%, respectively, compared with that of the KCD and CK (plantssprayed with water) treatments accompanied with the placement of the same CRNF.3. Copper-based foliar fertilizer with added iron increased the content of soil available Fe,and thus increased the content of Fe in peanut leaves. When peanuts were harvested, soilavailable Fe content of CFF+Fe+CRNF treatments were increased by13.1%,12.1%,respectively, and the content of iron in peanut leaves were increased by30.6%,49.2%,respectively, compared with that of the CFF+CRNF and CK+CRNF treatments. Copper-based foliar fertilizer with added zinc increased the content of zinc in tomato leaves. At89days aftertransplanting (DAE), the leaf zinc content of CFF+Zn treatments were increased by117.4%-121.4%,97.2%-97.3%and91.5%-166.7%, respectively, compared with that of theCFF, KCD and CK treatments. The augment of Fe and Zn content in leaves promoted thesynthesis of chlorophyll. At136DAE, the SPAD value of CFF+Fe treated peanut leaves wereincreased by2.4%-5.8%,1.3%-7.4%and5.9%-9.4%, respectively, compared with that of theCFF, KCD and CK treatments. At89DAT, the SPAD value of CFF+Zn treated tomato leaveswere increased by1.2%-11.3%,6.5%-13.8%and0.16%-6.3%, respectively, compared withthat of the CFF, KCD and CK treatments.4. Without the application of soil fertilizer (NF), CFF treated plants increased the yield ofpeanut and tomato by3.2%-26.5%and20.8%-30.7%, respectively, compared withwater-sprayed plant. Accompanied with water application, yields of peanut and tomato treatedwith CRNF were5.2%-43.4%and55.5%-77.9%more than the yields of no fertilizer treatedcrops, respectively, and were0.26%-23.0%and9.0%-28.6%, respectively, more than that ofcommon urea treatments.5. The treatment of CFF+Fe (Zn) accompanied with CRNF showed the best results and thetreatment of CK accompanied with NF showed the worst results in improving crop yield.According to the analysis of the single factor affecting crop yield, the yields of CRNFtreatments were significantly higher than that of common urea treatments after crop werecultivated for two seasons continuously and CFF could play a better role in poor soil.6. There was no significant difference in the content of crude protein in peanut grainamong the treatments sprayed with different foliar fertilizers; the content of copper in grainwas augmented in foliar fertilizer treatments compared with that of CK. In the light of theresults of2011, it can be concluded that the effect of CFF+Zn on preventing rotten fruitreached the level of Kocide approximately.