| Bast fiber mulching film, which was invented by Institude of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academyof Agricultural Sciences, has a potential application for its advantages of degradation, gentle warmingeffect and increasing production. At present, there has not been a systematic report about bast fibermulching films applying in different seasons. In order to identify the heat preservation of bast fibermulching film and its effects on soil environment, growth and yield of crops and its mechanism onincreasing production in different seasons, the comparison tests of Chinese cabbage covered by differentfilms have been conducted in autumn, winter, spring and summer respectively. The results were asfollowing:The changes of soil temperature under the bast fiber mulching film were related to the changes ofdaily and seasonal temperature in the different seasons. During the period of high temperature, such assummer and clear day, the difference between the soil daily maximum temperature and the minimumtemperature that covered by the bast fiber mulching film was markedly less than that covered by plasticfilm. Bast fiber mulching film could reduce the total soluble salt and soil pH in plough layer. There wassignificantly positive correlation (P<0.05) between the decrement of total N from seedling to harvestand soil temperature at the depth of0,5,10and15cm. The decrement of total P, total K and organicmatter were remarkably correlated (P<0.01) with the soil temperature at the depth of0,5,10and15cm.Bast fiber mulching film had a gently warming effect on the soil temperature at the depth of0,5,10and15cm, which was suitable for soil total N, total P and organic matter to transform. The suitabletemperature could also promote the uptake of applied available nutrients by crops. Both the effect of soilnutrients transformation and crops applied in autumn, spring and summer were better than that inwinter.The leaves’ soluble sugar content of Chinese cabbage covered by bast fiber mulching film was thehighest of the three treatments. And the plant height, maximum leaf area and plant weight covered bybast fiber mulching film were the most among the three treatments, except the maximum leaf areacovered by bast fiber mulching film was less than that covered by plastic film in spring. Differentseasons and different treatments had a highly notable interaction (P<0.01) on influencing the yield. TheChinese cabbage yield under the different treatments in autumn and spring was much higher than that inwinter and summer. Bast fiber mulching film had obvious yield-increasing effects in autumn, spring andsummer. And in these three seasons, the yields of Chinese cabbage covered with bast fiber mulchingfilm were12.97%(P＜0.05),45.97%(P＜0.05) and48.89%(P＜0.05) respectively higher than that ofChinese cabbage without film, which were also12.24%(P＜0.05),6.66%and51.05%(P＜0.05)respectively higher than that of Chinese cabbage covered with plastic film.Bast fiber mulching film not only has the effect of moisture conservation and heat preservation, butalso has permeability and degradation. And bast fiber mulching film performed different effects on heatpreservation and yield-increasing under different environment conditions. The appropriate seasons forusing bast fiber mulching film were autumn, spring and summer. And in winter if it was used under facility conditions, bast fiber mulching film could achieve good results. The main yield-increasingmechanism that bast fiber mulching film significantly increased crops’ yield in autumn, spring andsummer was as following: bast fiber mulching film could provide a suitable soil environment. And thesuitable soil environment is favorable for the growth of microorganism. Meanwhile, it could promotethe transformation of the soil nutrients and organic matter. It was also conducive to the growth of rootsand the absorption of available nutrients. Hence, that covered by bast fiber mulching film could increasecrop growth and yield. |
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