Study Of Particulate Matter Monitoring And Control System In The Micro-Environment For Heritage Preservation

The impact of particulate matter (PM) on cultural relics has been of increasing attention. However, the pollution of particulate matter in domestic museums has not been systemically studied.In this paper, particle number concentration (PNC) with diameter between0.1～10μm was monitored in different exhibition halls to study the number concentration variation of size-fractionated particulate matters and its affect factors in China Maritime Museum. The penetration coefficient of particulate matters for museum and showcase through monitoring black carbon (BC) concentration simultaneously. PM samples were collected in Hall of the History of Chinese Navigation in different seasons, and the analysis of water soluble components and SEM/EDS analysis were carried out. The results were compared with those of Shanghai Musum. In addition, the particles passive sampling techniques was investigated preliminarily. Based on the concept of particles active regulation techniques for showcase, the regulation and control system of PM in cultural relics environment was proposed preliminarily.The results showed that PM10mass concentration in China Maritime Museum was28.1-41.3μg/m3, lower than that (69.0～133.7μ.g/m3) in Shanghai Museum. The difference of PM mass concentration between two museums were caused by different geographical location and local sources. SNA(SO42-, NO3-and NH4+) accounted for the largest proportion of the water-soluble components of PM in both museums. While, the concentrations of sea salt(Na+and C1-), HCOO-and CH3COO-in China Maritime Museum were higher than those in Shanghai Museum. In China Maritime Museum, PNC of particles less than0.5μm accounts for over97%in PM10. Accumulation mode of PNC in spring and autumn were significantly higher compared to winter and summer, which is different from the regular pattern of outdoor PNC that the highest level was observed in winter. The PNC of accumulation mode was mainly influenced by outdoor sources and indoor sources, while the PNC of coarse particle mode was mainly influenced by human disturbance. The mass concentrations of BC inside and outside of the museum were obviously influenced by outdoor sources. The penetrate coefficient of BC particles ranges from0.71to0.91. The concentration of BC in showcase was less affected by the external environment, but the background level of BC depended on concentrations in the exhibition hall environment.Particulate pollution can not be ignored in micro-environment forcultural relics conservation, especially fine and ultra-fine particle pollution levels should be paid attention to. On the basis of the PM pollution studies, PM regulation and control system for cultural relics conservation should be established.