Pollution Of Heavy Metals In Surface Sediment Of The Huai River (based On The Jialu River)

The Huai River, one of the seven largest rivers in China, flows through the Henan Province,the Anhui Province,the Shandong Province and the Jiangsu Province. It finally flows into the Hongze Lake in Jiangsu.Beeause of exeessive economic growth,industrialization and urbanization, the river has become one of the most polluted rivers in China.In order to evaluate the pollution statues of the Huai River, we attempt to choose an important tributary (the Jialu River)to analysis the pollution.The Jialu River is one of the most polluted tributaries of the Huai River which covers the1/49lands of the Huai River basin but carries the1/9of the total pollution.The sediment plays an import part of the river pollution,which can reflect the characters of the pollutant and the history of the water pollution. In this research, we used ICP-MS to evaluate the contents of6heavy metals (As、Ni、Cu、Pb、Zn、Cr、 Hg)and the organic matter in the surface sediments of the Jialu River from14sampling sites. We use SPSS18.0to analysis the correlation of these factors and evaluate the regularities of distribution of the heavy metal pollution in the Jialu River. Different methods had been used to evaluate the ecological risk of the heavy metal pollution. PCA was used in the evaluating process to find the pollution source. The main results of this research are as follows: 1. The heavy metals in the surface sediments from the Jialu River mainly depend on the land-sourced pollutants. The pH of these samples mainly are neutral or alkalinity. The contents of heavy metals in these samples are observably higher than the results in2004. The content of As is4times of that in2004which made As be the most serious pollutant in the Jialu River.2. The degree of heavy metal pollution in the Jialu River is:As>Cu>Zn>Pb>Ni>Cr. By estimating the sources of heavy metal contamination with the Principal component analysis (PCA), it was found that the first three components accout for46.12%,24.65%and19.74%of the total variance, respectively. The industrial and domestic wastewater;mineral pollution and agricultural wastewater;degradation of organic matter atmospheric precipitation and geochemical changes are the main sources of heavy metal contamination.