Toxic Effects Of2Kinds Of PBDEs On Perna Viridis And Ruditapes Philippinarum

Polybrominated diphenyl ethers（PBDEs）, a kind of Persistent Organic Pollutants,havebiologic accumulation and toxicity, The behavior of PBDEs in the environmentneeded to be pursued further. Because the bioaccumulation law and biomagnificationsof PBDEs in the food chain, there is potential hazard on humans can be predicted. Inthis experiment, BDE209which is used largely all around the world and BDE3that justonly has one Bromine atoms were choosed to study the change characteristics of Pernaviridis and Ruditapes philippinarum, and the indexes conclude antioxidant indicators（SOD, POD, Gpx, GSH, MDA）, functional genes （Cu/Zn-SOD, GST-pi, VpGPx, CYP,RpAhR）, and tissue sections, purpose of investigating the toxic effects of PBDEs onmarine organisms.1The results of experiment that BDE209on Perna viridis show that:（1） Thesemi-static experiments were carried out by setting3concentration groups （0.1,1and10mg/L） of BDE209to study the variation trends of the activity of superoxidedismutase （SOD） as well as the contents of malondialdehyde （MDA） and glutathione（GSH） in2tissues of the mantle and visceral mass of the green mussels （P. viridis）which were exposed to BDE209for1d,3d,7d and15d, and then the recovery of theseindexes were analyzed during the releasing period of3d and7d. The result showed that,during the exposing period, the activity of SOD in the2tissues was induced obviouslyat first, and followed by the significant inhibition （P<0.01） with the exposing time, andthe content of MDA in the mantle varied repeatedly between the induction and theinhibition, while the content of MDA in the visceral mass was induced significantlywith the highest induction rate reaching to22.83%after3days of exposing. The contentof GSH in the mantle of the green mussels （P. viridis） was induced significantly （P<0.01）in the early days, but later the induction effect declined gradually and turned to beinhibited significantly （P<0.05） after15days of exposing, and the content of GSH inthe visceral mass was induced significantly （P<0.05）, which decreased obviously withthe increasing concentration of BDE209. During the releasing period, the contents of MDA and GSH in the2tissues of the green mussel （P. viridis） exposing to the3BDE209groups were obviously higher than those of the control group （P<0.05）, andthe activity of SOD in the mantle was inhibited while in the visceral mass it wasinduced, except individual groups recovered to the normal level.（2） After Perna viridiswas exposed to10mg/L BDE209for15d, the gill and mantle both have emerged inhistomorphology, the gill epithelial shedding, nucleus deformation in the mantle andganization vacuoles emerged.（3） CYP4expression in mantle is induced first, then wereinhibited, and shows a significantly time-effect relationship, while in the visceral mass itshows a trend that be inhibited first followed induced and then inhibited again. After therecovery period, the CYP4expression was still has a significant difference comparedwith control group.2The results of experiment that BDE209on Ruditapes philippinarum show that （1）During the exposing period, in the mantle of Ruditapes philippinarum, all the indexes inthe2issues of3BDE209concentration groups (32ug·L^-1,160ug·L^-1,800ug·L^-13) aresensitive, the activities of SOD and CAT show a parabolic trend. In the visceral mass ofthe Ruditapes philippinarum, the activities of SOD, CAT and the GSH content show a“↘”trend, while the activity of POD and the MDA content show a “↗” trend. Duringthe releasing period, in the mantle of Ruditapes philippinarum, just the GSH contentshows a trend that be inhibited first and then be induced at last recovery to the level ofcontrol group, the other indexes are all show a gradual recovery in the suppressioncondition, and reach to the control group at last. In the visceral mass of Ruditapesphilippinarum, except SOD still be induced significantly after the releasing period, theother eventually returned to the control level regardless their trend.（2） The expressionof Gpx and GST of mediate concentration group was more sensitive to the BDE209, theexpression of AHR shows fluctuation with the exposing time, and the expression ofCYP and SOD both are induced or inhibited significantly, after the recovery period, allthe indexes are not recovered to the control level.3The results of experiment that BDE3on Perna viridis show that:（1） Thesemi-static experiments were carried out by setting3concentration groups （1,10and100μg/L） of BDE3to study the variation trends of the activity of superoxide dismutase（SOD） as well as the contents of malondialdehyde （MDA） and glutathione （GSH） in2tissues of the mantle and visceral mass of the green mussels （P. viridis） which wereexposed to BDE3for1d,3d,7d and15d, and then the recovery of these indexes were analyzed during the releasing period of3d and7d. The result showed that, during theexposing period, the activity of SOD in the2tissues of the low concentration groupswas induced obviously at first（P<0.01）, and the inducing rate decreased with theexposing time, the SOD activities in the mantle of concentration of10and100μg/Lwere more sensible than that in vessel mass. The content of MDA significantlyincreased at first, and followed by the significant inhibition in the mantle, at the sametime varied repeatedly between the induction and the inhibition in the vessel mass, thehighest induction rate reaching to26.04%after3days of exposing. The content of GSHin the mantle of the low concentration groups of green mussels （P. viridis） was inducedsignificantly （P<0.01） all the time, the other concentration groups were increased firstand inhibited later, in the vessel mass, the GSH content of high concentration groupswas induced significantly （P<0.01） in the early days, and then the GSH content of lowconcentration groups significantly induced （P<0.01）, the other2groups not show aobvious regular pattern with the increasing time of BDE3. During the releasing period,the activity of SOD and content of GSH in the mantle of the green mussel （P. viridis）exposing to the3BDE3groups were obviously lower than those of the control group（P<0.05）, while the content of MDA in the mantle was induced. The activity of SOD inthe visceral mass was still inhibited significantly （P<0.05）, except individual groupsrecovered to the normal level.（2） After Perna viridis was exposed to100μg/L BDE3for15d, the gill and mantle both have emerged in histomorphology, the gill epithelialshedding, nucleus deformation in the mantle and ganization vacuoles emerged.（3）CYP4expression in mantle is significantly inhibited, and tend to the level of controlafter the recovery period. In the visceral mass it shows a trend that be inhibited first andthen induced, after the recovery period, just the low concentration group recovery to thecontrol group.4The results of experiment that BDE3on Ruditapes philippinarum show that（1）The semi-static experiments were carried out by setting3concentration groups （1,10and100μg/L） of BDE3to study the variation trends of the mantle and visceral mass ofthe Ruditapes philippinarum which were exposed to BDE3for1d,2d,5d and15d, andthen the recovery of these indexes were analyzed during the releasing period of1d,2dand15d. The result showed that: during the exposing period, in the mantle,the MDAcontent is increased with the exposing time, the activities of POD and SOD show asimilar trend which can be described as“U”, the GSH content show a significantly fluctuations of induction and inhibition. After the recovery period, the indexes are notrecovered to the same level with control except individual exposure group.（2） AfterRuditapes philippinarum was exposed to100μg/L BDE3for15d and30d, the gill andmantle both have emerged in histomorphology, the gill epithelial shedding, nucleusdeformation in the mantle and ganization vacuoles emerged, in contrast, tissue damageafter30d exposed are more severe.（3） the expression of Gpx and GST both show atrend that be induced first and then inhibited, and the expression of AHR, CYP, SODboth show fluctuations. After the recovery period, the all indexes show the same trendthat mediate concentration group be induced, low concentration group be inhibitedsignificantly, and high concentration be inhibited less than the low.