Study On Preparation And Plant Design Of Gelatin From Basa Fish Skin

Basa fish is a kind of high-quality and economic fish, which has achievedartificial breeding and successfully bred in Qionghai of China. This thesis analyzesthe basic ingredients of Basa fish skin and finds that Basa fish has abundant proteinand has a proportion of72~75%, which is profitable for extracting gelatin. This paperoptimizes the conditions of extracting and purifying type A and type B gelatin fromBasa fish, based on three important technical indexes: viscosity, gel strength,transparency and an economic index: yield. The plant design is mainly about yearlyone-thousand-ton output of Basa fish skin gelatin. On the basis of lots of relatedreferences, the feasibility study has been put up and the flowchart has been validated.Meanwhile, the mass and energy calculation have been worked out, the mainequipments have been determined. Afterwards, the design also consists of the drawingof the flowchart, the main workshop and the whole factory.The main researches in this thesis are listed below:1. Study on the extraction of type B gelatin from Basa fish skin. According to theChinese standard (GB) methods, the basic ingredients of Basa fish skin aredetermined. Basa fish skin is more profitable for extracting gelatine, compared withten other raw materials. Based on these indexes: viscosity, gel strength, lipid contentand yield, the optimal conditions of extracting type B gelatin is obtained.Under this extracting condition, the yield of gelatin is55.48%. the first gelatinhas these characteristics: its gel strength is243Bloom g, and6.48mPa.s viscosity, and84.2%transparency, and0.39%lipid, and0.11%ash; the gel strength of the secondgelatin is194Bloom g, and5.57mPa.s viscosity, and75.9%transparency, and0.45%lipid, and0.24%ash; the gel strength of the third gelatin is173Bloom g, and4.61mPa.s viscosity, and68.7%transparency, and0.47%lipid, and0.47%ash.2. Study on the extraction of type A gelatin from Basa fish skin. Based on theseindexes: viscosity, gel strength, lipid content and yield, the optimal conditions of extracting type A gelatin is obtained, and95.65percent of lipid is removed. The yieldof type A gelatin is48.32%, and221Bloom g gel strength, and5.58mPa.s viscosity,and74.7%transparency, and0.42%lipid, and0.19%ash.3. Preliminarily study on purification of gelatin from Basa fish skin. The chapterselects profitable purification methods among activated carbon adsorption, diatomitefiltration, activated carbon combined with diatomite adsorption, membrane filtrationand Ion exchange resin, based on their influences on gelatin transparency, gel strengthand yield. The best purification method is diatomite filtration combined withmembrane filtration and Ion exchange resin. Under this purifying condition, thegelatin is ivory and smells good. The gel strength of gelatin is220~243Bloom g, and96.6%transparency, and0.2%ash.4. Plant design of gelatin from Basa fish skin. Based on validating the flowchart,calculating the mass and energy, determining the main equipment, designing thewhole factory, a yearly one-thousand-ton output of Basa fish skin gelatin plant isdesigned. Afterwards, the design also consists of the drawing of the flowchart, themain workshop and the whole factory. In the design, the plant, which is equipped withadvanced technical machines, is automation, mechanization, continuous,modernization, resources-saving and labor-saving.