Isolation, Identification And Molecular Analysis Of Nematophagous Fungi From Five Provinces (Regions) In China

The nematophagous fungi is an important biocontrol agents and prevention and treatment oflivestock gastrointestinal nematode. It is a fungal which can parasitic, capture, colonization andpoison the nematode. In order to screen the nematophagous fungi strains for different environmentalapplications and finding efficient nematicide active substances some domestic scholars investigatednematophagous fungi resource distribution in the different regions of China. Then, in view of whichthere are few reports about nematophagous fungi resources survey in China’s major pastoral areas-province Gansu and Qinghai,the auther investigated nematophagous fungi resource in fiveprovice mainly including Gansu, Qinghai and the other three provices Xinjiang, Shaanxi, Henan.In this study, we use baited plates method to isolated nematophagous fungi from234soilsamples, the baited nematode is Caenorhabditis elegans. A total of27isolates were identified, theybelong to10genera,26species (including9of Arthrobotrys,2of Dactylella,4of Monacrosporium,2of Fusarium,2of Cystopage,2of Harposporium and each one of Verticillium, Phoma andMortierella and Nematoctonus) and1of Unidentified species.The resources of nematophagous fungus in Gansu and Qinghai are rich，The dominant specie inGansu province is A.oligospora; The dominant species in Qinghai province are A.oligospora、A.superba and H.lilliputanum.The diversity of nematophagous fungi is high in Darlag County, Qinghai,especially the endoparasitic fungi are widely distributed in the area, the high diversity may be relatedto Cordyceps habitat. Overall, the A.oligospora was Widely distributed in the five provinces.Innematode-trapping fungi, the number of the fungi trapping nematode by adhesive nets occupyabsolute predominance.In this study, we used Caenorhabditis elegans as bait nematode, the culture and preservationmethod of C.elegans is simple and easy, and this nematode can be infected by variousnematophagous fungi. C.elegans is a good bait nematode used to isolate nematophagous fungi.The phylogenetic Analysis of the nematode-trapping fungi rDNA-ITS sequence showed that,The classification of nematode-trapping fungi prefer to feed on the organ as generic taxon, ratherthan the traditional classification according to morphological characteristics on conidiophores andconidia etc. This study establish the foundation for the research on the biological control of nematodeparasites of livestock and the creation of biological control agents.