The Study On Action Logic Of The Famers In Social Transformation

Farmland is the most important resource of rural society in China, which is of great significance to realize the fair allocation and the efficient use of land for the development of rural economy, stabilize the rural social order, and improve the vital benefits of the villagers.Thus, the reform of the circulation of agricultural land rights are not only to stabilize and improve the rural basic management systems, but also affect the social relations and social life in rural areas. Along with the development of a number of laws and regulations on land management and the implementation of preferential agricultural policies, the value of land has been rising; as the multi-utilitarian needs explanation exist in the policies and regulatories related to Household contract responsibility system, all of these add the contradictions of densely in the rural area. The land disputes between farmers is the reality of rural society at present stage, and how to initiate action to achieve proper circulation and distribution of land, has to be considered.The case in this paper is selected a Village group which is embarrassing situation in North county-the village collective " the distribution of Land " event, in rational choice theory framework,using of field studies and other qualitative research methods, the actors-farmers as the starting point, analysis the factors influencing the individual farmers'rational choice in the action process. The event lasted five years through three more games, but still do not contribute to the final collective action. It is through this event to study the mode and logic of farmers' action.It's found that farmers'attitude and behavior on the collective " the distribution of Land " are carried out after careful calculation as result of rational decision making, which are affected by economic rationality, social capital, social authority——the impact of individual three important factors in decision-making process and also the three important dimensions of farmer rationality. On the one hand, the Market economy permeate every corner of rural life, and economic interests as a basic factor of actors showing dramatic rise of economic rationality, more land (economic) benefits is the main driving force for farmers to participate in " the distribution of Land ". On the other hand, the traditional "social acquaintance" cultural norms are not compeletely disruption under the impact of market economy, the farmers usually can't not deviate from social norms in which they live in and lost the moral justification, moral rationality is still playing a regulatory role in reconciling tensions between the villagers and maintaining daily communication. social Capital like ethics remains one of the factors must be considered by actor. At the same time, the legitimacy of social authority is the institutional framework for action. In the pursuit of their own interests, to increase their own power against the interests of those who contradict, farmers often needs gain their legitimate claims of action by the utilitarian explanation based on their national laws and regulations and the authority of the villages or grass-roots organizations.In this paper, the rational choice in the case is treat as a kind of form of farmer rationality. From the three factors influencing the personal dimensions, farmer rationality is a Multi- rationality which contains three important components——economic rationality, moral rationality and legal rationality. In the process of thinking and behavior, the farmers, in accordance with the preferences or specific norms, order the three rationality, and combinations to select the appropriate action to achieve maximum self-interest. It's the process of farmer's action logic. It's found that the differences in the priorities of three rationality reflects the characteristic of farmers' action logic in the particular social context——the rising of economic rationality and also confirm the conclusion of the farmer rationality is a multi-rationality.In this paper, we attempt to build a composite structure to describe relationship among the three types of rationality and the impact on the individual actions, and indicate that:economic rationality is the foundation, to provide reasonable motivation of farmers; and moral rationality is normative rational factors, to regulate and guide the actions of farmers adjust to the context of social factors; legal rationality is the basic consciousness of actors to obtain the "legitimacy", and is a prerequisite for action.