| The acute gastroenteritis is the most important diseases with highestmorbidity and mortality among infants around the word and its incidence issecond only to acute respiratory infections.It also bring enormous burden allover the world. Viruses is the most important cause of infantile gastroenteritis,includes Rotaviruses(HRV),Caliciviruses(HuCV),Adenoviruses(EAdV),Astro-viruses(AstV).The long-term systematic surveillance is very necessary and canalso play a important part in control and prevention of viral diarrhea.Objective:To understand the four main pathogens and the epidemicstatus of viral diarrhea among children in Lulong county,and provide scientificbasis for prevention and treatment for children with viral diarrhea.Methods:1Stool specimens were collected from the patients under5years old inhospital with acute diarrhea in sentinel Hospital in2010.2Rotavirus antigen were detected by ELISA,and the nucleic acid ofHuCV,EAdV,AstV were demonstrated by Real-time PCR.3The rotavirus-positive samples were typed by nested PCR.4The PCR products of10HRV and10NVII positive samples wereselected to sequenced.5All the results were analyzed with principle of statistics.Results:56.8%(235/414)patients were positive for at least one of HRV,HuCV,EAdV and AstV.18samples were mixed infection.HRV was detected in45.9%(190/414)of cases.The positive rate of HuCV,EAdV and AstV was12.6%(52/414),1.4%(6/414),l.4%(6/414),respectively.Of18mixed infections,9cases were infection with HRV and HuCV,3cases with HuCV and AstV, andone case for HRV,SV combined and EAdV.Of190HRV positive samples,serotype G352.1%(99/190)was the most predominant strain,followed by G919.5%(37/190),G26.3%(12/190),G15.8%(11/190),G80.5%(1/190).There were18mixed infection,in which,6caseswere infection with G3+G9type,5cases G1+G9type,4cases G1+G3,1casesfor each of G2+G9,G8+G9type,and G2+G3+G9.Another6.3%(12/190) ofstrains remained to be non-typeable.P genotyping showed that P[8]52.6%(100/190)was most common,followed by P[6]10%(19/190),P[4]2.6%(5/190),P[10]0.5%(1/190).There were12(6.3%)cases of mixed infection with differenttype,including P[6]+P[8] type of7;P[8]+P[10] type of2;P[6]+P[10] type,P[8]+P[9] type,and P[4]+P[6]+P[10] type of1.Another27.9%(53/190) of strainsremained to be non-typeable.Strain G3P[8] was the most common combi-nation which accounted for28.9%(55/190),followed by G9P[8] which acco-unted for13.7%(26/190),G1+G3P[8]+P[9] for one,G1+G9P[6]+P[8] forone,G8+G9P[6]+P[8] for one.52(12.6%) patients were positive for of HuCV,in which,37patients wereNVII,11SV,and4NVI.6(1.4%)samples were positive for EAdV,and6(1.4%)samples were posi-tive for AstV.November,December and January were the high-frequency period ofrotavirus diarrhea and the highest positive rates appear in November.Thepositive rates of HRV were highest in infants under18months.The positiverates of HuCV,EAdV,AstV did not show significant seasonal.10A group G9rotavirus-positive samples of the VP7encoding gene weresequenced and draw the evolutionary tree with sequence of G1,G2,G3,G4,G9reference strains.Nucleotide homology within10samples was from98.9%to100.0%,and all of them with the G9reference strains were on the samebranch.The nucleotide sequence of10samples closed to that of G9referencestrains,with homology97.6%to99.4%,and had a far distant to other fourblood serums G1,G2,G3,G4,with homology from71.6%to79.2%.It wassuggested that10HRV strains were belong to G9serotypes.The segments encode capsid protein of10norovirus type II samples weresequenced and draw the evolutionary tree with that of GII1,GII2,GII3,GII4, GII5,GII7,GI1,GI2,GI4,GI6reference strains.The nucleotide homology ofwith in five samples(numbered LL10070,LL10101,LL10108,LL10133, LL10279)were from95.9%to99.7%.Five samples were closed to GII4referencestrains and in the same branch,with nucleotides homology from97.0%to98.2%.The nucleotide homology within another5samples(numbered LL10100,LL10141,LL10166,LL10187,LL10189)were from95.6%to99.1%,clo-sed to GII3type reference and in the same branch plant,with homology from92.3%to94.4%.Conclusion:1The common pathogens caused viral diarrhea among children under5years old are Rotavirus,Calicivirus,Adenovirus,Astrovirus,with a positive rate56.8%.Rotavirus is the most important pathogen,the second is Calicivirus inLulong County in Hebei province.2The peak time of viral diarrhea is from November to January,the maininfected population are the infants under2years old.3The predominant type of HRV is G3serotype and P[8] genotype.G3/P[8] is the main combination of G/P combination.4The NVII is the main type of Calicivirus, and gene analysis showedthat there were two subtypes including GII-4and GII-3in NVII in Lulong. |
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