The Research On Quality Of Life And The Impact Factors Of Tai'an City Police Groups

Research basis and Objectives:Police as a special occupational group, charge with great responsibility and mission. In recent years, social security situation is increasingly complex as China's reform and opening up , socialist market economy further, and the impact of the international environment,foreign workers, a rapid increase in mobile workers; economic system reform so that laid-off number of the unemployed. In order to establish a good process of social order, police are faced with numerous difficulties and a severe test, the number increased year by year due to injuries and deaths. The high strength and high work injury rate brought great pressure to the physiological and psychological of our police. Therefore, enhancing the research of quality of life of the police, improving police groups quality of life, should be aroused great concern.Quality of life (or quality of survival, quality of livelihood, Quality of life, QOL) is based on certain subjects under the cultural value system of their own physical function, psychological function, social function of the subjective experience. With the changing disease spectrum and health concept, quality of life has been as an indicator of health and living standards in large-scale research applications. At present, the quality of life to discuss with the health problems of different groups has become one of the hot concerns of the international medical community. For occupational groups, the factors of quality of life are also closely related to their professional characteristics. Quality of life can be considered a more comprehensive and thorough objective and subjective evaluation methods , used to evaluate the minor health damage of the occupational hazards contacts, to help assess occupational hazards.Police occupational groups in high-intensity, high pressure, high-risk characteristics of the work; bad habits; high incidence of chronic diseases; lack of physical exercise and other factors have seriously affected the quality of life of police groups. Many scholars has studied on quality of life of certain special populations. But quality of life of police groups is few reported.This article aims to measure quality of life of the police groups with the Chinese version of SF-36 scale, evaluating scale reliability and validity, simultaneously the investigation of exposure factors associated and measurement of social support scale. The purpose of the article is to have a comprehensive understanding and evaluation of the status of quality of life of the professional population and compare with general population norm. The factors of quality of life are studied by multivariate statistical model.It provides scientific basis for the relevant departments to formulate effective measures for protection for police health to improve the quality of life police groups.Methods:This study adopted the design of status investigation and stratified cluster sampling method. The study extracted 500 policemen of 4 different kinds of police of Tai'an City Public Security ,including criminal police,station police,authority police.The general situation with self-designed questionnaire, the 36-item Short Form Health Survey and the Social Support Scale are used to carry out the quality of life and its related factors investigation of the police groups.471 valid questionnairs were received.The Data firstly are to establish a database by Epidata 3.1 software with double-entry error detection. All the data are conducted data management,verification and statistical analysis using statistical package SPSS13.0. The statistical methods including factor analysis, variance homogeneity test, variance analysis, rank sum test,t test, pearson correlation and multiple stepwise linear regression are used to evaluate scale reliability and validity,compare quality of life and analize univariate and multivariate.Results:1.SF-36 scale reliability and validity analysis1.1 In this study, Cronbach'sαcoefficient is used to assess the internal consistency reliability. Cronbach'sαcoefficient is not less than 0.70 in addition to social functioning (SF) and mental health (MH). It indicates that the scale has more good internal consistency.1.2 Validity includes aggregate validity, discrimination validity and structure validity. Each item in the respective dimension of the correlation coefficient is greater than 0.40 after removing overlaps, indicating good validity of the aggregate. It indicates good discrimination validity due to items associated with the respective dimensions significantly higher than the entry associated with other dimensions,. Two factors are consistent with the results of hypothesis by factor analysis.2. The quality of life scores of Tai'an City police groups are significantly lower than the norm of the general population of Sichuan Province. There are significantly difference except physiological function (PF) dimention(P <0.01).3.Quality of life of single factor analysis results show:3.1 There is significantly diffence in Vitality (VT) between the different work experience scores (P <0.05). Work experience <5 years group scores is lower than the quality of life≥5 years work experience groups.3.2 There is significantly diffence among different kinds of police in the general health (GH), vitality (VT), social functioning (SF) three dimensions (P <0.05). The quality of life of police station score less than Criminal Investigation and authority police.3.3 Very satisfied and satisfaction group are only 40.12% of the surveyed.There is significantly diffence among different work satisfaction in physiological function (PF), bodily pain (BP), general health (GH), vitality (VT), social functioning (SF) and mental health (MH) 6 dimensions. Very satisfied and satisfaction group with the quality of life score higher than the other three groups.3.4 There is significantly diffence among work intensity in vitality (VT), social functioning (SF) (P <0.05).The greatest work intensity score lower than the other two groups.3.5 There is significantly diffence among work stress in physical (RP), vitality (VT), role emotional (RE), mental health (MH) 4 dimensions(P <0.05).The largest work stress score lower than the other three groups.3.6 There is significantly diffence among different overtime feeling in bodily pain (BP), vitality (VT), role emotional (RE) (P <0.05). Tired group of 8 dimensions of quality of life scores were lower than the adaptation .3.7 There is significantly diffence among different risk of the work (P <0.05),which had larger inpact on the vitality (VT), social functioning (SF), role emotional (RE), mental health (MH) 4 dimensions(P <0.05).3.8 There is significantly diffence between different law of meal time in role physical (RP) (P <0.05). There are significantly diffence between whether the laws of meal amount in the role physical (RP) and bodily pain (BP) dimensions (P <0.05). Irregular group were lower than a regular group.3.9 Quality of life scores decreased as the sleep time has decreased. There are significantly diffence among different sleep time in bodily pain (BP), vitality (VT) and social functioning (SF) (P <0.05).3.10 There is significantly diffence between physical comfort and discomfort in bodily pain (BP) and social functioning (SF) two dimensions (P <0.05). Physical discomfort group scored lower than quality of life in the body without discomfort group.3.11 The chronic group scores lower significantly than no chronic disease group in the physical functional (PF), role physical (RP), bodily pain (BP), general health (GH), vitality (VT), social functioning (SF), role emotional (RE) and mental health (MH) 7 degree (P <0.05). The study population chronic disease and prevalence rate are fatty liver(18.9%) , hypertension(14.22%),high cholesterol(10.83%).3.12 Quality of life scores have increased with the number of exercise increasing. There are significantly diffence among different physical exercise in bodily pain (BP), general health (GH), vitality (VT), social functioning (SF), mental health (MH) 5 dimension (P<0.05).4.Quality of life and social support correlation analysis4.1 Scores of quality of life were positively correlated with subjective support, social support utilization, and social support (r = 0.264,0.258,0.309, P <0.01). 4.2 The objective support was positively correlated with physical functional (PF) and mental health (MH)(r=0.221,0.202,P<0.01).4.3Subjective support was positively correlated with general health (GH),vitality(VT),social functioning (SF),mental health(MH)and metal component summary(MCS)(r= 0.205,0.290,0.215,0.257 and 0.273,P<0.01).4.4 Social support utilization showed a positive correlation with general health (GH), vitality (VT), social functioning (SF), mental health (MH) and metal component summary (MCS) (r = 0.279,0.316,0.311,0.305 and 0.313, P <0.01). 4.5 Social support was positively correlated with physical functional (PF), general health (GH), vitality (VT), social functioning (SF), mental health (MH), physical component summary (PCS) and metal component summary (MCS) (r = 0.215, 0.270,0.358,0.295,0.347,0.235 and 0.308,P<0.01).5.Multiple linear stepwise regression analysis of quality of life:5.1 work-life factors:5.1.1Work satisfaction is factors of physical functional (PF), role physical (RP), bodily pain (BP),general health (GH), vitality (VT), social functioning (SF), mental health (MH) 6 dimensions and two total measurement (PCS, MCS).5.1.2 Whether illness is factors of physical functional (PF), role physical (RP), general health (GH), vitality (VT), social functioning (SF), mental health (MH) 6 dimensions and two total measurement (PCS, MCS).5.1.3 The number of Exercise is a factor of bodily pain (BP), general health (GH), vitality (VT), social functioning (SF), mental health (MH) 5 dimensions and two total measurement (PCS, MCS).5.2 social support factors:5.2.1 Objective support is factor of physical functional (PF).5.2.2 Subjective support is factor of physical functional (PF), role physical (RP), metal component summary (MCS).5.2.3 Utilization of social support is factors of general health (GH), vitality (VT), social functioning (SF), mental health (MH) and metal component summary (MCS).5.2.4 Total social support is factor of bodily pain (BP), general health (GH), vitality (VT), social functioning (SF), mental health (MH) , physical component summary (PCS) and metal component summary (MCS).5.3 In accordance with the standardized regression coefficients, work satisfaction had a maximum contribution on role physical (RP) ( b '= 0.106,P<0.05), and objective support on physiological function (PF) the role of the maximum ( b ' =0.186, P <0.01); utilization of social support had a maximum contribution on general health (GH), social functioning (SF) , metal component summary (MCS) ( b ' = 0.194,0.227,0.250, P <0.01); social support had a maximum contribution on bodily pain (BP), vitality (VT), mental health (MH) and physical component summary (PCS) ( b ' = 0.154,0.225,0.224,P<0.01). Conclusion1.The 36-item Short Form Health Survey for Health Research of Tai'an City police groups has good reliability and validity.2.Quality of life scores of Tai'an City police groups are significantly lower than the general population.3.Work experience, kinds of police, work satisfaction, work intensity, work stress, work risk, overtime feeling and other occupational factors; dietary habits, sleep time and other life factors;whether physical discomfort, whether the disease, exercise frequency are the main factors affecting the quality of life of Tai'an police groups.4.The extent of various types of social support and dimensions of quality of life scores showed a positive correlation.The relationship and size differented between the different types of support and the different dimensions of quality of life. Police groups can improve the quality of life if we give attention to social support of police groups.The police need the full care and attention.5.Police groups have different factors in all dimensions of quality of life . Job satisfaction, whether the disease, exercise have effect in majority dimensions ,which are the most widely used factors on quality of life .6.Job satisfaction, objective support, social support utilization, total social support are score changes of the dimensions which contribute the most.